$ docker run -d -p 5432:5432 -e POSTGRESQL_USER=test -e POSTGRESQL_PASS=test123 -e POSTGRESQL_DB=test ex_postgresql
$ psql -h localhost -U test test
Password for user test:
psql (9.3.3, server 9.3.5)
SSL connection (cipher: DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, bits: 256)
Type "help" for help.
test=#
Original here: https://github.com/orchardup/docker-postgresql