feat: port Algebra.CharP.Two (#2873)

Author: ChrisHughes24

Mathlib.lean

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.RingEquiv
 import Mathlib.Algebra.Bounds
 import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Basic
 import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Invertible
+import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Two
 import Mathlib.Algebra.CharZero.Defs
 import Mathlib.Algebra.CharZero.Infinite
 import Mathlib.Algebra.CharZero.Lemmas

Mathlib/Algebra/CharP/Two.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2021 Eric Wieser. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Eric Wieser
+
+! This file was ported from Lean 3 source module algebra.char_p.two
+! leanprover-community/mathlib commit 7f1ba1a333d66eed531ecb4092493cd1b6715450
+! Please do not edit these lines, except to modify the commit id
+! if you have ported upstream changes.
+-/
+import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Basic
+
+/-!
+# Lemmas about rings of characteristic two
+
+This file contains results about `CharP R 2`, in the `CharTwo` namespace.
+
+The lemmas in this file with a `_sq` suffix are just special cases of the `_pow_char` lemmas
+elsewhere, with a shorter name for ease of discovery, and no need for a `[Fact (prime 2)]` argument.
+-/
+
+
+variable {R ι : Type _}
+
+namespace CharTwo
+
+section Semiring
+
+variable [Semiring R] [CharP R 2]
+
+theorem two_eq_zero : (2 : R) = 0 := by rw [← Nat.cast_two, CharP.cast_eq_zero]
+#align char_two.two_eq_zero CharTwo.two_eq_zero
+
+@[simp]
+theorem add_self_eq_zero (x : R) : x + x = 0 := by rw [← two_smul R x, two_eq_zero, zero_smul]
+#align char_two.add_self_eq_zero CharTwo.add_self_eq_zero
+
+set_option linter.deprecated false in
+@[simp]
+theorem bit0_eq_zero : (bit0 : R → R) = 0 := by
+  funext
+  exact add_self_eq_zero _
+#align char_two.bit0_eq_zero CharTwo.bit0_eq_zero
+
+set_option linter.deprecated false in
+theorem bit0_apply_eq_zero (x : R) : (bit0 x : R) = 0 := by simp
+#align char_two.bit0_apply_eq_zero CharTwo.bit0_apply_eq_zero
+
+set_option linter.deprecated false in
+@[simp]
+theorem bit1_eq_one : (bit1 : R → R) = 1 := by
+  funext
+  simp [bit1]
+#align char_two.bit1_eq_one CharTwo.bit1_eq_one
+
+set_option linter.deprecated false in
+theorem bit1_apply_eq_one (x : R) : (bit1 x : R) = 1 := by simp
+#align char_two.bit1_apply_eq_one CharTwo.bit1_apply_eq_one
+
+end Semiring
+
+section Ring
+
+variable [Ring R] [CharP R 2]
+
+@[simp]
+theorem neg_eq (x : R) : -x = x := by
+  rw [neg_eq_iff_add_eq_zero, ← two_smul R x, two_eq_zero, zero_smul]
+#align char_two.neg_eq CharTwo.neg_eq
+
+theorem neg_eq' : Neg.neg = (id : R → R) :=
+  funext neg_eq
+#align char_two.neg_eq' CharTwo.neg_eq'
+
+@[simp]
+theorem sub_eq_add (x y : R) : x - y = x + y := by rw [sub_eq_add_neg, neg_eq]
+#align char_two.sub_eq_add CharTwo.sub_eq_add
+
+theorem sub_eq_add' : Sub.sub = ((· + ·) : R → R → R) :=
+  funext fun x => funext fun y => sub_eq_add x y
+#align char_two.sub_eq_add' CharTwo.sub_eq_add'
+
+end Ring
+
+section CommSemiring
+
+variable [CommSemiring R] [CharP R 2]
+
+theorem add_sq (x y : R) : (x + y) ^ 2 = x ^ 2 + y ^ 2 :=
+  add_pow_char _ _ _
+#align char_two.add_sq CharTwo.add_sq
+
+theorem add_mul_self (x y : R) : (x + y) * (x + y) = x * x + y * y := by
+  rw [← pow_two, ← pow_two, ← pow_two, add_sq]
+#align char_two.add_mul_self CharTwo.add_mul_self
+
+open BigOperators
+
+theorem list_sum_sq (l : List R) : l.sum ^ 2 = (l.map (· ^ 2)).sum :=
+  list_sum_pow_char _ _
+#align char_two.list_sum_sq CharTwo.list_sum_sq
+
+theorem list_sum_mul_self (l : List R) : l.sum * l.sum = (List.map (fun x => x * x) l).sum := by
+  simp_rw [← pow_two, list_sum_sq]
+#align char_two.list_sum_mul_self CharTwo.list_sum_mul_self
+
+theorem multiset_sum_sq (l : Multiset R) : l.sum ^ 2 = (l.map (· ^ 2)).sum :=
+  multiset_sum_pow_char _ _
+#align char_two.multiset_sum_sq CharTwo.multiset_sum_sq
+
+theorem multiset_sum_mul_self (l : Multiset R) :
+    l.sum * l.sum = (Multiset.map (fun x => x * x) l).sum := by simp_rw [← pow_two, multiset_sum_sq]
+#align char_two.multiset_sum_mul_self CharTwo.multiset_sum_mul_self
+
+theorem sum_sq (s : Finset ι) (f : ι → R) : (∑ i in s, f i) ^ 2 = ∑ i in s, f i ^ 2 :=
+  sum_pow_char _ _ _
+#align char_two.sum_sq CharTwo.sum_sq
+
+theorem sum_mul_self (s : Finset ι) (f : ι → R) :
+    ((∑ i in s, f i) * ∑ i in s, f i) = ∑ i in s, f i * f i := by simp_rw [← pow_two, sum_sq]
+#align char_two.sum_mul_self CharTwo.sum_mul_self
+
+end CommSemiring
+
+end CharTwo
+
+section ringChar
+
+variable [Ring R]
+
+theorem neg_one_eq_one_iff [Nontrivial R] : (-1 : R) = 1 ↔ ringChar R = 2 := by
+  refine' ⟨fun h => _, fun h => @CharTwo.neg_eq _ _ (ringChar.of_eq h) 1⟩
+  rw [eq_comm, ← sub_eq_zero, sub_neg_eq_add, ← Nat.cast_one, ← Nat.cast_add] at h
+  exact ((Nat.dvd_prime Nat.prime_two).mp (ringChar.dvd h)).resolve_left CharP.ringChar_ne_one
+#align neg_one_eq_one_iff neg_one_eq_one_iff
+
+@[simp]
+theorem orderOf_neg_one [Nontrivial R] : orderOf (-1 : R) = if ringChar R = 2 then 1 else 2 := by
+  split_ifs with h
+  · rw [neg_one_eq_one_iff.2 h, orderOf_one]
+  apply orderOf_eq_prime
+  · simp
+  simpa [neg_one_eq_one_iff] using h
+#align order_of_neg_one orderOf_neg_one
+
+end ringChar