An error occurs when opening a public question with filters having default parameters

[kulyk]

Describe the bug
When opening a public question that has filters with default values, the result is replaced with the "An error occurred while running the query" message in a couple of seconds.

NOTE: if you just refresh the page, it will work as expected

To Reproduce

1. Enable public sharing in admin
2. Ask a question > Native question > Sample Dataset
3. Enter SELECT * FROM PEOPLE WHERE {{birthdate}} AND {{source}}
4. Configure filters via the right sidebar:
   • {{ birthdate }} as a Field Filter mapped to People > BirthDate with a default of "Past 30 Years"
   • {{ source }} as a Field Filter mapped to People > Source with default a of "Affiliate"
5. Save question
6. In the bottom right corner, click the "Sharing" icon (an arrow)
7. Open the share URL
8. You can see a table with results for a couple of seconds, but then it's replaced with the "An error occurred while running the query" message

Demo

race-before.mov

Information about your Metabase Installation:
Metabase 0.40.0

[flamber]

This isn't a regression per-se. We have always loaded questions multiple times, but I think it might just be more likely to hit the race-condition now, since we fixed an issue (#7120) where default filters wasn't applied correctly to Public and Embedding before 0.40.0.