CHORE: CodeQL ADO pipeline task

[bewithgaurav]

Work Item / Issue Reference

AB#38859

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Summary

This pull request adds a new CodeQL security analysis job to the pr-validation-pipeline.yml to improve automated security scanning of the codebase. The changes introduce a dedicated container for the CodeQL job, install necessary dependencies, and ensure the C++ extension is built for analysis.

Security and CI pipeline enhancements:

• Added a new CodeQLAnalysis job to the pipeline to perform CodeQL security analysis, including initialization and finalization steps.
• Introduced a codeqlContainer using the ubuntu:20.04 image to provide a consistent environment for CodeQL analysis.
• Added steps to install build dependencies and Python 3.13, and to install Python requirements needed for CodeQL.
• Included a step to build the C++ extension (mssql_python/pybind/build.sh) as part of the CodeQL analysis process.

[Copilot]

Pull Request Overview

This PR adds CodeQL security analysis capabilities to the PR validation pipeline by introducing a dedicated CodeQL analysis job that runs alongside existing tests.

• Adds a new CodeQLAnalysis job with Ubuntu 20.04 container for consistent analysis environment
• Installs necessary build dependencies and Python 3.13 for CodeQL analysis
• Builds the C++ extension as part of the analysis process to ensure complete code coverage

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