doc: document ES2022's Error "cause" property

[ide]

ES2022 adds an options parameter to the Error constructor. If the
options argument contains a property named cause, the property's value
is assigned to a non-enumerable property named cause on the newly
created error. The cause property is not referenced anywhere else in
the ES2022/2023 specifications. It is for error-formatting software like
util.inspect() to consume.

The cause property was added in V8 9.3, which was added to Node
16.9.0.

Refs: https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-error-message
Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/main/doc/changelogs/CHANGELOG_V16.md#error-cause

[F3n67u]

Nice work!

[aduh95]

I suggest we re-use the wording from https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error/cause

Suggested change

	The `error.cause` property is the cause of the error, as set by calling
	The `cause` property indicates the specific original cause of an error.
	It is used when catching and re-throwing an error with a more-specific or useful
	error message in order to still have access to the the original error.

[ide]

I updated the PR with wording that is consistent with the other properties in this page while explaining the intent and use of the property like the MDN docs but in a Node-centric way that mentions error codes.

[aduh95]

I wonder if properties that are set or not is obvious to all JS devs, so maybe instead we could with something simpler:

Suggested change

	`new Error(message, { cause })`. It is not set if the `cause` option is not
	provided.
	Not all errors have a `cause` property.

[F3n67u]

IMO, I will prefer the original description, as a JS Dev, I can totally understand what it means clearly. "Not all errors have a cause property." is very obvious, I think we don't need to add this sentence.

[ide]

I kept most of the original wording but changed the first paragraph to start with, "If present, the error.cause property..." similar to how other optional properties are described on this page.

[nodejs-github-bot]

Landed in e54ee80