When transforming multiple `ndarray` to a `df` as per the code below import numpy as np import pandas as pd ls_a = ['TA', 'BAT', 'T'] xxx = ['xx', 'cc'] feature_no = len(ls_a) windows_no = len(xxx) sub_iti = np.repeat([['s1']], (feature_no * windows_no), axis=0).reshape(-1, 1) tw = np.repeat([xxx], feature_no, axis=1).reshape(-1, 1) col_iti = np.repeat([ls_a], windows_no, axis=0).reshape(-1, 1) df=pd.DataFrame ({'sub_iti': sub_iti,'tw': tw,'col_iti': col_iti}) , the compiler return an error > ValueError: If using all scalar values, you must pass an index Based on [OP][1], the argument `index` was inputed as below df=pd.DataFrame ( {'sub_iti': sub_iti, 'tw': tw, 'col_iti': col_iti},index=range(0,3*2) ) However, the compiler return diff rent error > Exception: Data must be 1-dimensional May I know how to address this issue? [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17839973/constructing-pandas-dataframe-from-values-in-variables-gives-valueerror-if-usi