JAVA

Java Fundamentals: Syntax & Semantics

✅ Definition

• Syntax: The set of rules that define how Java programs are written. If syntax rules are violated, the compiler throws an error.
• Semantics: The meaning behind correctly written code. Even if code compiles, semantics determine whether it behaves as intended.
  (Ref: Java Language Specification, §1.1, §3)

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✅ Why Important?

• Syntax ensures your code can compile and run.
• Semantics ensures your code produces correct results.
• Both are necessary to build maintainable, error-free applications and real-world projects.

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✅ Where Used?

• Syntax: Always, in every Java program. Example: placing a semicolon after a statement, using braces for blocks.
• Semantics: While designing logic—e.g., knowing what == vs .equals() means.

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✅ When to Focus?

• Syntax: During initial learning and writing code under time pressure (like coding rounds).
• Semantics: During debugging, interviews (trick questions on logic), and writing scalable applications.

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