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Keyword arguments and generalized unpacking for C++ API #372

Merged
merged 10 commits into from
Sep 6, 2016
Merged

Keyword arguments and generalized unpacking for C++ API #372

merged 10 commits into from
Sep 6, 2016

Commits on Sep 6, 2016

  1. Make arg_t hold a pointer instead of a copy of the value

    @dean0x7d
    dean0x7d committed Sep 6, 2016
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  2. Support keyword arguments and generalized unpacking in C++ 

    A Python function can be called with the syntax:
```python
foo(a1, a2, *args, ka=1, kb=2, **kwargs)
```
This commit adds support for the equivalent syntax in C++:
```c++
foo(a1, a2, *args, "ka"_a=1, "kb"_a=2, **kwargs)
```

In addition, generalized unpacking is implemented, as per PEP 448,
which allows calls with multiple * and ** unpacking:
```python
bar(*args1, 99, *args2, 101, **kwargs1, kz=200, **kwargs2)
```
and
```c++
bar(*args1, 99, *args2, 101, **kwargs1, "kz"_a=200, **kwargs2)
```
    @dean0x7d
    dean0x7d committed Sep 6, 2016
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  3. Add py::print() function 

    Replicates Python API including keyword arguments.
    @dean0x7d
    dean0x7d committed Sep 6, 2016
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  4. Add py::str::format() method

    @dean0x7d
    dean0x7d committed Sep 6, 2016
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  5. Add py::dict() keyword constructor

    @dean0x7d
    dean0x7d committed Sep 6, 2016
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  6. Document calling function with keyword arguments from C++

    @dean0x7d
    dean0x7d committed Sep 6, 2016
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  7. Remove superseded handle::operator() overloads 

    The variadic handle::operator() offers the same functionality as well
as mixed positional, keyword, * and ** arguments. The tests are also
superseded by the ones in `test_callbacks`.
    @dean0x7d
    dean0x7d committed Sep 6, 2016
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  8. Workaround for py::dict() constructor on MSVC 

    MSVC fails to compile if the constructor is defined out-of-line.
The error states that it cannot deduce the type of the default template
parameter which is used for SFINAE.
    @dean0x7d
    dean0x7d committed Sep 6, 2016
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  9. Apply make_caster and intrinsic_t aliases everywhere

    @dean0x7d
    dean0x7d committed Sep 6, 2016
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  10. Make keyword argument hold a py::object instead of T* 

    With this change arg_t is no longer a template, but it must remain so
for backward compatibility. Thus, a non-template arg_v is introduced,
while a dummy template alias arg_t is there to keep old code from
breaking. This can be remove in the next major release.

The implementation of arg_v also needed to be placed a little earlier in
the headers because it's not a template any more and unpacking_collector
needs more than a forward declaration.
    @dean0x7d
    dean0x7d committed Sep 6, 2016
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