This code is a Python script that demonstrates various string formatting techniques, particularly focusing on f-strings. Here's a breakdown of the different sections and what they do: Header and Imports, Title and Concatenating Strings, Example of f-strings, Using f-strings, Formatting Options with f-string, Alignment and Number Formatting, Leading Zeros, More Formatting Examples, Final Formatting Examples.
This script covers a wide range of string formatting techniques in Python, with a strong emphasis on the use of f-strings for readability and efficiency.
Learning Python is a great choice, especially given your interest in web development, mobile app development, and software engineering. Here are some excellent resources to get you started:
1. LearnPython.org: This interactive Python tutorial offers free lessons for beginners. It covers topics like variables, loops, functions, and more. You can even get certified after completing the tutorials[1].
2. Python Official Documentation: The official Python documentation provides comprehensive information about the language. Start with the Python Tutorial for beginners and explore further as you gain confidence[2].
3. freeCodeCamp’s Python Courses:
- Full Course for Beginners: This YouTube course covers programming basics, including lists, conditionals, strings, and small projects like a calculator and a guessing game.
- The Ultimate Python Beginner’s Handbook Dive deeper into Python concepts and explore its growing popularity 3 and 4.
REMEMBER: practice coding regularly, work on small projects, and explore real-world examples.
In Python, f-strings (formatted string literals) are a way to embed expressions inside string literals, using curly braces {}. They are prefixed with an f or F before the opening quotation mark. F-strings provide a concise and readable way to include the value of Python expressions inside strings.
name = "Sisovin"
age = 52
greeting = f"Hello, my name is {name} and I am {age} years old."
print(greeting)Hello, my name is Alice and I am 30 years old.
F-strings were introduced in Python 3.6 and are considered more readable and efficient compared to other string formatting methods like % formatting or str.format().
You can format numbers using f-strings in Python by including formatting specifications within the curly braces {}. Here are some common formatting options:
- Fixed-point notation: Use
.nfwherenis the number of decimal places. - Percentage: Use
.n%wherenis the number of decimal places. - Thousands separator: Use
,to include a comma as a thousands separator. - Exponential notation: Use
.newherenis the number of decimal places.
num = 1234.56789
# Fixed-point notation
formatted_num = f"{num:.2f}"
print(formatted_num) # Output: 1234.57
# Percentage
percentage = 0.12345
formatted_percentage = f"{percentage:.2%}"
print(formatted_percentage) # Output: 12.35%
# Thousands separator
large_num = 1234567890
formatted_large_num = f"{large_num:,}"
print(formatted_large_num) # Output: 1,234,567,890
# Exponential notation
formatted_exp = f"{num:.2e}"
print(formatted_exp) # Output: 1.23e+03In your provided code, you are already using some of these formatting options:
num = 10
print(f"\n2.25 times {num} is {2.25 * num:.2f}\n")
for num in range(1, 11):
print(f"2.25 times {num} is {2.25 * num:.2f}")
for num in range(1, 11):
print(f"{num} divided by 4.25 is {num / 4.25:.2%}"){2.25 * num:.2f}formats the result to 2 decimal places.{num / 4.25:.2%}formats the result as a percentage with 2 decimal places.
You can align the output of f-strings in Python using alignment specifiers within the curly braces {}. The alignment options are:
<: Left-align the value.>: Right-align the value.^: Center-align the value.
You can also specify a width for the alignment. Here are some examples:
# Left-align
left_aligned = f"{'left':<10}"
print(left_aligned) # Output: 'left '
# Right-align
right_aligned = f"{'right':>10}"
print(right_aligned) # Output: ' right'
# Center-align
center_aligned = f"{'center':^10}"
print(center_aligned) # Output: ' center '
# Combining alignment with number formatting
num = 123.456
formatted_num = f"{num:<10.2f}" # Left-align with 2 decimal places
print(formatted_num) # Output: '123.46 '
formatted_num = f"{num:>10.2f}" # Right-align with 2 decimal places
print(formatted_num) # Output: ' 123.46'
formatted_num = f"{num:^10.2f}" # Center-align with 2 decimal places
print(formatted_num) # Output: ' 123.46 'Here is how you can apply alignment to the provided code:
print(message)
message = f"\n{player['person']} has {2 * 5} coins left."
print(message)
# %%
print("")
title = " You can pass formatting options "
print(f"{title}".center(80, "_"))
# You can pass formatting options
num = 10
print(f"\n2.25 times {num} is {2.25 * num:<10.2f}\n") # Left-align
for num in range(1, 11):
print(f"2.25 times {num} is {2.25 * num:>10.2f}") # Right-align
for num in range(1, 11):
print(f"{num} divided by 4.25 is {num / 4.25:^10.2%}") # Center-align
# %%
print(f"\n2 times {num} is {2 * num:<10.2f}\n") # Left-align
for num in range(1, 11):
print(f"2 times {num} is {2 * num:>10.2f}") # Right-align
print("")
# Reverse the order for the division results
for num in range(20, 0, -2):
print(f"{num} divided by 2 is {num / 2:^10.2f}") # Center-align
# %%
print("")
title = " ### Format numbers using f-strings in Python ### "
print(f"{title}".center(80, "*"))
# Format numbers using f-strings in Python
numFormat = 1234.56789
# Fixed-point notation
formatted_num = f"{numFormat:<10.2f}" # Left-align
print(formatted_num) # Output: 1234.57
# Percentage
percentage = 0.12345
formatted_percentage = f"{percentage:>10.2%}" # Right-align
print(formatted_percentage) # Output: 12.35%
# Thousands separator
large_num = 1234567890
formatted_large_num = f"{large_num:^15,}" # Center-align
print(formatted_large_num) # Output: 1,234,567,890
# Exponential notation
formatted_exp = f"{numFormat:<10.2e}" # Left-align
print(formatted_exp) # Output: 1.23e+03You can include leading zeros in a formatted number using f-strings in Python by specifying the width of the field and using the 0 character as a fill character. This is done by placing 0 before the width number.
num = 42
# Format with leading zeros to a width of 5
formatted_num = f"{num:05}"
print(formatted_num) # Output: 00042
# Format with leading zeros and 2 decimal places
num_float = 3.14
formatted_num_float = f"{num_float:08.2f}"
print(formatted_num_float) # Output: 00003.14Here is how you can apply leading zeros to the provided code:
print(f"{title}".center(80, "_"))
# You can pass formatting options
num = 10
print(f"\n2.25 times {num} is {2.25 * num:010.2f}\n") # Leading zeros
for num in range(1, 11):
print(f"2.25 times {num} is {2.25 * num:010.2f}") # Leading zeros
for num in range(1, 11):
print(f"{num} divided by 4.25 is {num / 4.25:010.2%}") # Leading zeros
# %%
print(f"\n2 times {num} is {2 * num:010.2f}\n") # Leading zeros
for num in range(1, 11):
print(f"2 times {num} is {2 * num:010.2f}") # Leading zeros
print("")
# Reverse the order for the division results
for num in range(20, 0, -2):
print(f"{num} divided by 2 is {num / 2:010.2f}") # Leading zeros
# %%
print("")
title = " ### Format numbers using f-strings in Python ### "
print(f"{title}".center(80, "*"))
# Format numbers using f-strings in Python
numFormat = 1234.56789
# Fixed-point notation
formatted_num = f"{numFormat:010.2f}" # Leading zeros
print(formatted_num) # Output: 00001234.57
# Percentage
percentage = 0.12345
formatted_percentage = f"{percentage:010.2%}" # Leading zeros
print(formatted_percentage) # Output: 000012.35%
# Thousands separator
large_num = 1234567890
formatted_large_num = f"{large_num:015,}" # Leading zeros
print(formatted_large_num) # Output: 0,001,234,567,890
# Exponential notation
formatted_exp = f"{numFormat:010.2e}" # Leading zeros
print(formatted_exp) # Output: 001.23e+03