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StoneImageCompress-Demo

Android使用JPEG实现图片压缩上传

1.介绍

Android中常用压缩方法分为2种:一种是降采样率压缩,另外一种是质量压缩。

第一种:

 BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
 o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
 BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path, o);
 o.inSampleSize=自己计算
 o.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
 BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path, o);

第二种:

bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 20, new FileOutputStream("sdcard/result.jpg"));

相信大家都用过,但是压缩比例很小,如果压缩的太多,就会导致图片失真,但是我发发现IOS系统上的图片只有100k,200k左右却很清晰,它们用的什么方式来压缩的呢?

今天我们就来使用jpeg的方式来进行对图片压缩:

2.编码前准备工作

ndk工具包下载可以到http://www.androiddevtools.cn/ 下载解压就行了

libjpeg库源码

	git clone git://git.linaro.org/people/tomgall/libjpeg-turbo/libjpeg-turbo.git -b linaro-android  

用ndk命令进行编译

	ndk-build APP_ABI=armeabi-v7a,armeabi 

3.编写代码

3.1 把动态库和头文件添加到我们项目中

3.2编写java层代码

public class ImageUtil {

static {
    System.loadLibrary("compressImage");
}

/**
 * 使用libjpeg进行压缩
 * @param bitmap   压缩的图片
 * @param quality   质量
 * @param dstFile   新的图片路径
 * @param optimize  是否使用哈夫曼算法完成压缩(使用哈夫曼算法压缩,压缩率高10~25倍)
 * @return   是否压缩成功
 */
public static boolean compressImage(Bitmap bitmap,int quality,String dstFile,boolean  optimize){

    int ret = compressBitmap( bitmap, quality, dstFile,  optimize);

    return  ret==1;
}

public static native int compressBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int quality, String dstFile,boolean  optimize);

3.3生成头文件

javah -classpath . -jni github.com.androidadvanced_ndk.util.ImageUtil

3.4 编写cmake和配置gradle

cmake:

	cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
	
	set(distribution_DIR ../../../../libs )
	set(SOURCE_FILES src/main/cpp/compressImage.cpp)
	set(INC_DIR src/main/cpp/include)
	
	include_directories(src/main/cpp/include)
	
	find_library(   log-lib
	                log )
	find_library(graphics jnigraphics)
	
	add_library(    libjpeg
	                SHARED
	                 IMPORTED )
	
	
	set_target_properties(  libjpeg
	                        PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
	                        ${distribution_DIR}/${ANDROID_ABI}/libjpeg.so)
	
	
	set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=gnu++11")
	
	
	
	
	add_library(    compressImage
	                SHARED
	                ${SOURCE_FILES} )
	
	
	
	target_link_libraries(  compressImage
	                        libjpeg
	                        ${log-lib}
	                        ${graphics})

build.gradle

	ndk{
        abiFilters "armeabi-v7a" ,"armeabi"
    }

	sourceSets {
    main {
        jniLibs.srcDirs = ['libs']
    }
	}	

3.5编写c代码

	#include <jni.h>
	#include <string>
	#include <stdlib.h>
	#include "github_com_androidadvanced_ndk_util_ImageUtil.h"
	#include <unistd.h>
	#include <setjmp.h>
	
	#include <android/bitmap.h>
	#include <android/log.h>
	#define LOGI(FORMAT,...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO,"imagecompress",FORMAT,##__VA_ARGS__);
	#define LOGE(FORMAT,...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR,"imagecompress",FORMAT,##__VA_ARGS__);
	#define LOGW(FORMAT,...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_WARN,"imagecompress",FORMAT,##__VA_ARGS__);
	#define LOGD(FORMAT,...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG,"imagecompress",FORMAT,##__VA_ARGS__);

	typedef u_int8_t BYTE;
	struct my_error_mgr {
	    struct jpeg_error_mgr pub;
	    jmp_buf setjmp_buffer;
	};
	
	typedef struct my_error_mgr *my_error_ptr;
	
	METHODDEF(void)
	my_error_exit(j_common_ptr
	              cinfo) {
	    my_error_ptr myerr = (my_error_ptr) cinfo->err;
	    (*cinfo->err->output_message)(cinfo);
	    LOGW("jpeg_message_table[%d]:%s",
	         myerr->pub.msg_code, myerr->pub.jpeg_message_table[myerr->pub.msg_code]);
	    longjmp(myerr
	                    ->setjmp_buffer, 1);
	};
	
	/**
	 * 压缩的数据    宽  高  压缩质量  存放路径    是否使用哈夫曼算法完成压缩
	 */
	int generateJPEG(BYTE *data, int w, int h, jint quality, const char *name, boolean optimize);
	
	
	int generateJPEG(BYTE *data, int w, int h, int quality, const char *name, boolean optimize) {
	    int nComponent = 3;
	    struct jpeg_compress_struct jcs;
	    //自定义的error
	    struct my_error_mgr jem;
	
	    jcs.err = jpeg_std_error(&jem.pub);
	    jem.pub.error_exit = my_error_exit;
	
	    if (setjmp(jem.setjmp_buffer)) {
	        return 0;
	    }
	    //为JPEG对象分配空间并初始化
	    jpeg_create_compress(&jcs);
	    //获取文件信息
	    FILE *f = fopen(name, "wb");
	    if (f == NULL) {
	        return 0;
	    }
	
	    //指定压缩数据源
	    jpeg_stdio_dest(&jcs, f);
	    jcs.image_width = w;
	    jcs.image_height = h;
	
	    jcs.arith_code = false;
	    jcs.input_components = nComponent;
	    jcs.in_color_space = JCS_RGB;
	
	    jpeg_set_defaults(&jcs);
	    jcs.optimize_coding = optimize;
	
	    //为压缩设定参数,包括图像大小,颜色空间
	    jpeg_set_quality(&jcs, quality, true);
	    //开始压缩
	    jpeg_start_compress(&jcs, true);
	    JSAMPROW row_point[1];
	    int row_stride;
	    row_stride = jcs.image_width * nComponent;
	    while (jcs.next_scanline < jcs.image_height) {
	        row_point[0] = &data[jcs.next_scanline * row_stride];
	        jpeg_write_scanlines(&jcs, row_point, 1);
	    }
	
	    if (jcs.optimize_coding) {
	        LOGI("使用了哈夫曼算法完成压缩");
	    } else {
	        LOGI("未使用哈夫曼算法");
	    }
	    //压缩完毕
	    jpeg_finish_compress(&jcs);
	    //释放资源
	    jpeg_destroy_compress(&jcs);
	    fclose(f);
	    return 1;
	}
	
	/*
	 * Class:     github_com_androidadvanced_ndk_util_ImageUtil
	 * Method:    compressBitmap
	 * Signature: (Ljava/lang/Object;ILjava/lang/String;B)I
	 */
	JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_github_com_androidadvanced_1ndk_util_ImageUtil_compressBitmap
	        (JNIEnv * env, jclass clazz, jobject bitmap, jint quality, jstring dstFile,jboolean optimize){
	
	    LOGE("%s", "===>Java_github_com_androidadvanced_1ndk_util_ImageUtil_compressBitmap");
	    int ret;
	    AndroidBitmapInfo bitmapInfo;
	    //像素点argb
	    BYTE *pixelsColor;
	    //bitmap 数据
	    BYTE *data;
	    BYTE *tmpData;
	
	
	    //获取android bitmap 信息
	    if((ret = AndroidBitmap_getInfo(env,bitmap,&bitmapInfo)) < 0){
	        LOGD("AndroidBitmap_getInfo() failed error=%d", ret);
	        return ret;
	    }
	
	    //锁定bitmap,获取像素点argb,存储到pixelsColor中
	    if((ret = AndroidBitmap_lockPixels(env,bitmap,(void**)&pixelsColor)) < 0){
	        LOGD("AndroidBitmap_lockPixels() failed error=%d", ret);
	        return ret;
	    }
	
	    BYTE r, g, b;
	    int color;
	    //获取图片信息
	    int w, h, format;
	    w = bitmapInfo.width;
	    h = bitmapInfo.height;
	    format = bitmapInfo.format;
	    //只处理 RGBA_8888
	    if(format != ANDROID_BITMAP_FORMAT_RGBA_8888){
	        LOGD("AndroidBitmapInfo  format  is not ANDROID_BITMAP_FORMAT_RGBA_8888 error=%d", ret);
	        return -1;
	    }
	
	    LOGD("bitmap: width=%d,height=%d,size=%d , format=%d ", w,h,w*h,bitmapInfo.format);
	
	    //分配内存(存放bitmap rgb数据)
	    data = (BYTE *) malloc(w * h * 3);
	    //保存内存首地址
	    tmpData=data;
	
	    //将bitmap转rgb
	    int i=0;
	    int j=0;
	    for (i = 0; i < h; ++i) {
	        for (j = 0; j < w; ++j){
	            //像素点
	            color = *((int*) pixelsColor);
	            //取argb值(各占8位)    0xffffffff--->0xaarrggbb
	            r= (color >> 16) & 0xff;
	            g= (color >> 8) & 0xff;
	            b= (color >> 0) & 0xff;
	
	            *data=b;
	            *(data+1)=g;
	            *(data+2)=r;
	
	            //data只存rgb
	            data+=3;
	            //pixelsColor中存的是argb
	            pixelsColor+=4;
	
	        }
	    }
	
	    AndroidBitmap_unlockPixels(env,bitmap);
	
	    //进行压缩
	    const char* file_path = env->GetStringUTFChars(dstFile,NULL);
	
	    //压缩图片
	    ret = generateJPEG(tmpData,w,h,quality,file_path,optimize);
	
	    //释放内存
	    free((void *) tmpData);
	    env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(dstFile,file_path);
	
	    //释放java-->bitmap
	    jclass  jBitmapClass = env->GetObjectClass(bitmap);
	    jmethodID jRecycleMethodId = env->GetMethodID(jBitmapClass,"recycle","()V");
	    env->CallVoidMethod(bitmap,jRecycleMethodId,NULL);
	
	    return ret;
	}

每行都有注释,相信大家一看就明白了。这边不多做解释了。

3.6使用

	//线程安全
	CopyOnWriteArrayList<String> compressImageList=new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();


	//开线程池
    ThreadPoolManager.ThreadPool threadPool = ThreadPoolManager.getInstance().getShortTreadPool();

    for (final String imagePath : imageList) {
        final String temFilePath = temDir + File.separator + new File(imagePath).getName();

        threadPool.excute(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {

                Bitmap bitmap = ImageUtil.decodeFile(imagePath);
                if(ImageUtil.compressImage(bitmap,65,temFilePath,true)){
                    compressImageList.add(temFilePath);
                }
                if(bitmap != null) {
                    bitmap.recycle();
                }
            }
        });
    }

这边就多了一个线程池,其实也没什么东西,简单的调用。

下面我们来看下效果

压缩前

压缩后

我们对比发现,压缩了20几倍,那么图片的清晰度呢?有没有改变,或者说改变的大不大,又没有失真?

不知道你们能不能看出区别,反正我没发现有多大改变。

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