update admonitions

Author: HumphreyYang

lectures/functions.md

@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ Try to use lambda expressions to define the function `f`.
 :class: dropdown
 ```
 
-- Here's one solution for part 1
+Here's one solution for part 1
 
 ```{code-cell} python3
 def factorial(n):
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ def factorial(n):
 factorial(4)
 ```
 
-- Adding the lambda expression
+Adding the lambda expression
 
 ```{code-cell} python3
 def factorial(n,f = lambda x: x):
@@ -561,14 +561,21 @@ The [binomial random variable](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_distributi
 Without any import besides `from numpy.random import uniform`, write a function
 `binomial_rv` such that `binomial_rv(n, p)` generates one draw of $Y$.
 
-Hint: If $U$ is uniform on $(0, 1)$ and $p \in (0,1)$, then the expression `U < p` evaluates to `True` with probability $p$.
+```{hint}
+:class: dropdown
+
+If $U$ is uniform on $(0, 1)$ and $p \in (0,1)$, then the expression `U < p` evaluates to `True` with probability $p$.
+```
+
 ```{exercise-end}
 ```
 
 
 ```{solution-start} func_ex2
 :class: dropdown
-````
+```
+
+Here is one solution:
 
 ```{code-cell} python3
 from numpy.random import uniform

lectures/getting_started.md

@@ -247,7 +247,9 @@ When you're ready to execute the code in a cell, hit `Shift-Enter` instead of th
 :figclass: auto
 ```
 
-(Note: There are also menu and button options for running code in a cell that you can find by exploring)
+```{note}
+There are also menu and button options for running code in a cell that you can find by exploring.
+```
 
 #### Modal Editing
 

lectures/numba.md

@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ When Numba compiles machine code for functions, it treats global variables as co
 ```{exercise}
 :label: speed_ex1
 
-{ref}`Previously <pbe_ex3>` we considered how to approximate $\pi$ by
+{ref}`Previously <pbe_ex5>` we considered how to approximate $\pi$ by
 Monte Carlo.
 
 Use the same idea here, but make the code efficient using Numba.
@@ -560,11 +560,15 @@ To test your code, evaluate the fraction of time that the chain spends in the lo
 
 If your code is correct, it should be about 2/3.
 
-Hints:
+
+```{hint}
+:class: dropdown
 
 * Represent the low state as 0 and the high state as 1.
 * If you want to store integers in a NumPy array and then apply JIT compilation, use `x = np.empty(n, dtype=np.int_)`.
 
+```
+
 ```{exercise-end}
 ```
 

lectures/numpy.md

@@ -1189,8 +1189,10 @@ Now write a new function that does the same job, but uses NumPy arrays and array
 
 (Such functionality is already implemented as `np.poly1d`, but for the sake of the exercise don't use this class)
 
-* Hint: Use `np.cumprod()`
-
+```{hint}
+:class: dropdown
+Use `np.cumprod()`
+```
 ```{exercise-end}
 ```
 
@@ -1262,7 +1264,12 @@ It helps to sketch the intervals on paper.
 
 Your exercise is to speed it up using NumPy, avoiding explicit loops
 
-* Hint: Use `np.searchsorted` and `np.cumsum`
+```{hint}
+:class: dropdown
+
+Use `np.searchsorted` and `np.cumsum`
+
+```
 
 If you can, implement the functionality as a class called `DiscreteRV`, where
 

lectures/pandas.md

@@ -321,10 +321,12 @@ A trivial example is to return itself for each row in the dataframe
 df.apply(lambda row: row, axis=1)
 ```
 
-Note: for the `.apply()` method
+```{note}
+For the `.apply()` method
 - axis = 0 -- apply function to each column (variables)
 - axis = 1 -- apply function to each row (observations)
 - axis = 0 is the default parameter
+```
 
 We can use it together with `.loc[]` to do some more advanced selection.
 

lectures/python_essentials.md

@@ -595,11 +595,10 @@ all([1 <= 2 <= 3, "a" in "letter"])
 any([1 <= 2 <= 3, "a" in "letter"])
 ```
 
-Note:
-
+```{note}
 * `all()` returns `True` when *all* boolean values/expressions in the sequence are `True`
 * `any()` returns `True` when *any* boolean values/expressions in the sequence are `True`
-
+```
 
 ## Coding Style and Documentation
 
@@ -692,20 +691,28 @@ Solve the following exercises.
 
 (For some, the built-in function `sum()` comes in handy).
 
-```{exercise}
+```{exercise-start}
 :label: pyess_ex1
-
+```
 Part 1: Given two numeric lists or tuples `x_vals` and `y_vals` of equal length, compute
 their inner product using `zip()`.
 
 Part 2: In one line, count the number of even numbers in 0,...,99.
 
-* Hint: `x % 2` returns 0 if `x` is even, 1 otherwise.
-
 Part 3: Given `pairs = ((2, 5), (4, 2), (9, 8), (12, 10))`, count the number of pairs `(a, b)`
 such that both `a` and `b` are even.
+
+```{hint}
+:class: dropdown
+
+`x % 2` returns 0 if `x` is even, 1 otherwise.
+
 ```
 
+```{exercise-end}
+```
+
+
 ```{solution-start} pyess_ex1
 :class: dropdown
 ```
@@ -804,12 +811,20 @@ p(1, (2, 4))
 ```
 
 
-```{exercise}
+```{exercise-start}
 :label: pyess_ex3
+```
 
 Write a function that takes a string as an argument and returns the number of capital letters in the string.
 
-Hint: `'foo'.upper()` returns `'FOO'`.
+```{hint}
+:class: dropdown
+
+`'foo'.upper()` returns `'FOO'`.
+
+```
+
+```{exercise-end}
 ```
 
 ```{solution-start} pyess_ex3