selftest: mm: Test if hugepage does not get leaked during __bio_release_pages()

Commit 1b151e2 ("block: Remove special-casing of compound pages")
caused a change in behaviour when releasing the pages if the buffer does
not start at the beginning of the page.  This was because the calculation
of the number of pages to release was incorrect.  This was fixed by commit
38b4353 ("block: Fix page refcounts for unaligned buffers in
__bio_release_pages()").

We pin the user buffer during direct I/O writes.  If this buffer is a
hugepage, bio_release_page() will unpin it and decrement all references
and pin counts at ->bi_end_io.  However, if any references to the hugepage
remain post-I/O, the hugepage will not be freed upon unmap, leading to a
memory leak.

This patch verifies that a hugepage, used as a user buffer for DIO
operations, is correctly freed upon unmapping, regardless of whether the
offsets are aligned or unaligned w.r.t page boundary.

Test Result  Fail Scenario (Without the fix)
--------------------------------------------------------
[]# ./hugetlb_dio
TAP version 13
1..4
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 1 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 2 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 3 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 6
not ok 4 : Huge pages not freed!
Totals: pass:3 fail:1 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0

Test Result  PASS Scenario (With the fix)
---------------------------------------------------------
[]#./hugetlb_dio
TAP version 13
1..4
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 1 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 2 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 3 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 4 : Huge pages freed successfully !
Totals: pass:4 fail:0 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0

[donettom@linux.ibm.com: address review comments from Muhammad]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240604132801.23377-1-donettom@linux.ibm.com
[donettom@linux.ibm.com: add this test to run_vmtests.sh]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240607182000.6494-1-donettom@linux.ibm.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240523063905.3173-1-donettom@linux.ibm.com
Fixes: 38b4353 ("block: Fix page refcounts for unaligned buffers in __bio_release_pages()")
Signed-off-by: Donet Tom <donettom@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ritesh Harjani (IBM) <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Co-developed-by: Ritesh Harjani (IBM) <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Ritesh Harjani (IBM) <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Battersby <tonyb@cybernetics.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Author: donettom-1

tools/testing/selftests/mm/Makefile

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ TEST_GEN_FILES += ksm_functional_tests
 TEST_GEN_FILES += mdwe_test
 TEST_GEN_FILES += hugetlb_fault_after_madv
 TEST_GEN_FILES += hugetlb_madv_vs_map
+TEST_GEN_FILES += hugetlb_dio
 
 ifneq ($(ARCH),arm64)
 TEST_GEN_FILES += soft-dirty

tools/testing/selftests/mm/hugetlb_dio.c

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * This program tests for hugepage leaks after DIO writes to a file using a
+ * hugepage as the user buffer. During DIO, the user buffer is pinned and
+ * should be properly unpinned upon completion. This patch verifies that the
+ * kernel correctly unpins the buffer at DIO completion for both aligned and
+ * unaligned user buffer offsets (w.r.t page boundary), ensuring the hugepage
+ * is freed upon unmapping.
+ */
+
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include "vm_util.h"
+#include "../kselftest.h"
+
+void run_dio_using_hugetlb(unsigned int start_off, unsigned int end_off)
+{
+	int fd;
+	char *buffer =  NULL;
+	char *orig_buffer = NULL;
+	size_t h_pagesize = 0;
+	size_t writesize;
+	int free_hpage_b = 0;
+	int free_hpage_a = 0;
+	const int mmap_flags = MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_HUGETLB;
+	const int mmap_prot  = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE;
+
+	writesize = end_off - start_off;
+
+	/* Get the default huge page size */
+	h_pagesize = default_huge_page_size();
+	if (!h_pagesize)
+		ksft_exit_fail_msg("Unable to determine huge page size\n");
+
+	/* Open the file to DIO */
+	fd = open("/tmp", O_TMPFILE | O_RDWR | O_DIRECT, 0664);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		ksft_exit_fail_perror("Error opening file\n");
+
+	/* Get the free huge pages before allocation */
+	free_hpage_b = get_free_hugepages();
+	if (free_hpage_b == 0) {
+		close(fd);
+		ksft_exit_skip("No free hugepage, exiting!\n");
+	}
+
+	/* Allocate a hugetlb page */
+	orig_buffer = mmap(NULL, h_pagesize, mmap_prot, mmap_flags, -1, 0);
+	if (orig_buffer == MAP_FAILED) {
+		close(fd);
+		ksft_exit_fail_perror("Error mapping memory\n");
+	}
+	buffer = orig_buffer;
+	buffer += start_off;
+
+	memset(buffer, 'A', writesize);
+
+	/* Write the buffer to the file */
+	if (write(fd, buffer, writesize) != (writesize)) {
+		munmap(orig_buffer, h_pagesize);
+		close(fd);
+		ksft_exit_fail_perror("Error writing to file\n");
+	}
+
+	/* unmap the huge page */
+	munmap(orig_buffer, h_pagesize);
+	close(fd);
+
+	/* Get the free huge pages after unmap*/
+	free_hpage_a = get_free_hugepages();
+
+	/*
+	 * If the no. of free hugepages before allocation and after unmap does
+	 * not match - that means there could still be a page which is pinned.
+	 */
+	if (free_hpage_a != free_hpage_b) {
+		ksft_print_msg("No. Free pages before allocation : %d\n", free_hpage_b);
+		ksft_print_msg("No. Free pages after munmap : %d\n", free_hpage_a);
+		ksft_test_result_fail(": Huge pages not freed!\n");
+	} else {
+		ksft_print_msg("No. Free pages before allocation : %d\n", free_hpage_b);
+		ksft_print_msg("No. Free pages after munmap : %d\n", free_hpage_a);
+		ksft_test_result_pass(": Huge pages freed successfully !\n");
+	}
+}
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	size_t pagesize = 0;
+
+	ksft_print_header();
+	ksft_set_plan(4);
+
+	/* Get base page size */
+	pagesize  = psize();
+
+	/* start and end is aligned to pagesize */
+	run_dio_using_hugetlb(0, (pagesize * 3));
+
+	/* start is aligned but end is not aligned */
+	run_dio_using_hugetlb(0, (pagesize * 3) - (pagesize / 2));
+
+	/* start is unaligned and end is aligned */
+	run_dio_using_hugetlb(pagesize / 2, (pagesize * 3));
+
+	/* both start and end are unaligned */
+	run_dio_using_hugetlb(pagesize / 2, (pagesize * 3) + (pagesize / 2));
+
+	ksft_finished();
+}

tools/testing/selftests/mm/run_vmtests.sh

@@ -265,6 +265,7 @@ CATEGORY="hugetlb" run_test ./map_hugetlb
 CATEGORY="hugetlb" run_test ./hugepage-mremap
 CATEGORY="hugetlb" run_test ./hugepage-vmemmap
 CATEGORY="hugetlb" run_test ./hugetlb-madvise
+CATEGORY="hugetlb" run_test ./hugetlb_dio
 
 nr_hugepages_tmp=$(cat /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages)
 # For this test, we need one and just one huge page