mm: memcg/percpu: account percpu memory to memory cgroups

Percpu memory is becoming more and more widely used by various subsystems,
and the total amount of memory controlled by the percpu allocator can make
a good part of the total memory.

As an example, bpf maps can consume a lot of percpu memory, and they are
created by a user.  Also, some cgroup internals (e.g.  memory controller
statistics) can be quite large.  On a machine with many CPUs and big
number of cgroups they can consume hundreds of megabytes.

So the lack of memcg accounting is creating a breach in the memory
isolation.  Similar to the slab memory, percpu memory should be accounted
by default.

To implement the perpcu accounting it's possible to take the slab memory
accounting as a model to follow.  Let's introduce two types of percpu
chunks: root and memcg.  What makes memcg chunks different is an
additional space allocated to store memcg membership information.  If
__GFP_ACCOUNT is passed on allocation, a memcg chunk should be be used.
If it's possible to charge the corresponding size to the target memory
cgroup, allocation is performed, and the memcg ownership data is recorded.
System-wide allocations are performed using root chunks, so there is no
additional memory overhead.

To implement a fast reparenting of percpu memory on memcg removal, we
don't store mem_cgroup pointers directly: instead we use obj_cgroup API,
introduced for slab accounting.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM=n build errors and warning]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: move unreachable code, per Roman]
[cuibixuan@huawei.com: mm/percpu: fix 'defined but not used' warning]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/6d41b939-a741-b521-a7a2-e7296ec16219@huawei.com

Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Bixuan Cui <cuibixuan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Tobin C. Harding <tobin@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Cc: Bixuan Cui <cuibixuan@huawei.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200623184515.4132564-3-guro@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Author: rgushchin

mm/percpu-internal.h

@@ -5,6 +5,25 @@
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/percpu.h>
 
+/*
+ * There are two chunk types: root and memcg-aware.
+ * Chunks of each type have separate slots list.
+ *
+ * Memcg-aware chunks have an attached vector of obj_cgroup pointers, which is
+ * used to store memcg membership data of a percpu object.  Obj_cgroups are
+ * ref-counted pointers to a memory cgroup with an ability to switch dynamically
+ * to the parent memory cgroup.  This allows to reclaim a deleted memory cgroup
+ * without reclaiming of all outstanding objects, which hold a reference at it.
+ */
+enum pcpu_chunk_type {
+	PCPU_CHUNK_ROOT,
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM
+	PCPU_CHUNK_MEMCG,
+#endif
+	PCPU_NR_CHUNK_TYPES,
+	PCPU_FAIL_ALLOC = PCPU_NR_CHUNK_TYPES
+};
+
 /*
  * pcpu_block_md is the metadata block struct.
  * Each chunk's bitmap is split into a number of full blocks.
@@ -54,6 +73,9 @@ struct pcpu_chunk {
 	int			end_offset;	/* additional area required to
 						   have the region end page
 						   aligned */
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM
+	struct obj_cgroup	**obj_cgroups;	/* vector of object cgroups */
+#endif
 
 	int			nr_pages;	/* # of pages served by this chunk */
 	int			nr_populated;	/* # of populated pages */
@@ -63,7 +85,7 @@ struct pcpu_chunk {
 
 extern spinlock_t pcpu_lock;
 
-extern struct list_head *pcpu_slot;
+extern struct list_head *pcpu_chunk_lists;
 extern int pcpu_nr_slots;
 extern int pcpu_nr_empty_pop_pages;
 
@@ -106,6 +128,37 @@ static inline int pcpu_chunk_map_bits(struct pcpu_chunk *chunk)
 	return pcpu_nr_pages_to_map_bits(chunk->nr_pages);
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM
+static inline enum pcpu_chunk_type pcpu_chunk_type(struct pcpu_chunk *chunk)
+{
+	if (chunk->obj_cgroups)
+		return PCPU_CHUNK_MEMCG;
+	return PCPU_CHUNK_ROOT;
+}
+
+static inline bool pcpu_is_memcg_chunk(enum pcpu_chunk_type chunk_type)
+{
+	return chunk_type == PCPU_CHUNK_MEMCG;
+}
+
+#else
+static inline enum pcpu_chunk_type pcpu_chunk_type(struct pcpu_chunk *chunk)
+{
+	return PCPU_CHUNK_ROOT;
+}
+
+static inline bool pcpu_is_memcg_chunk(enum pcpu_chunk_type chunk_type)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+#endif
+
+static inline struct list_head *pcpu_chunk_list(enum pcpu_chunk_type chunk_type)
+{
+	return &pcpu_chunk_lists[pcpu_nr_slots *
+				 pcpu_is_memcg_chunk(chunk_type)];
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_PERCPU_STATS
 
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>

mm/percpu-km.c

@@ -44,15 +44,16 @@ static void pcpu_depopulate_chunk(struct pcpu_chunk *chunk,
 	/* nada */
 }
 
-static struct pcpu_chunk *pcpu_create_chunk(gfp_t gfp)
+static struct pcpu_chunk *pcpu_create_chunk(enum pcpu_chunk_type type,
+					    gfp_t gfp)
 {
 	const int nr_pages = pcpu_group_sizes[0] >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	struct pcpu_chunk *chunk;
 	struct page *pages;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int i;
 
-	chunk = pcpu_alloc_chunk(gfp);
+	chunk = pcpu_alloc_chunk(type, gfp);
 	if (!chunk)
 		return NULL;
 

mm/percpu-stats.c

@@ -34,11 +34,15 @@ static int find_max_nr_alloc(void)
 {
 	struct pcpu_chunk *chunk;
 	int slot, max_nr_alloc;
+	enum pcpu_chunk_type type;
 
 	max_nr_alloc = 0;
-	for (slot = 0; slot < pcpu_nr_slots; slot++)
-		list_for_each_entry(chunk, &pcpu_slot[slot], list)
-			max_nr_alloc = max(max_nr_alloc, chunk->nr_alloc);
+	for (type = 0; type < PCPU_NR_CHUNK_TYPES; type++)
+		for (slot = 0; slot < pcpu_nr_slots; slot++)
+			list_for_each_entry(chunk, &pcpu_chunk_list(type)[slot],
+					    list)
+				max_nr_alloc = max(max_nr_alloc,
+						   chunk->nr_alloc);
 
 	return max_nr_alloc;
 }
@@ -129,6 +133,9 @@ static void chunk_map_stats(struct seq_file *m, struct pcpu_chunk *chunk,
 	P("cur_min_alloc", cur_min_alloc);
 	P("cur_med_alloc", cur_med_alloc);
 	P("cur_max_alloc", cur_max_alloc);
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM
+	P("memcg_aware", pcpu_is_memcg_chunk(pcpu_chunk_type(chunk)));
+#endif
 	seq_putc(m, '\n');
 }
 
@@ -137,6 +144,7 @@ static int percpu_stats_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 	struct pcpu_chunk *chunk;
 	int slot, max_nr_alloc;
 	int *buffer;
+	enum pcpu_chunk_type type;
 
 alloc_buffer:
 	spin_lock_irq(&pcpu_lock);
@@ -202,18 +210,18 @@ static int percpu_stats_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 		chunk_map_stats(m, pcpu_reserved_chunk, buffer);
 	}
 
-	for (slot = 0; slot < pcpu_nr_slots; slot++) {
-		list_for_each_entry(chunk, &pcpu_slot[slot], list) {
-			if (chunk == pcpu_first_chunk) {
-				seq_puts(m, "Chunk: <- First Chunk\n");
-				chunk_map_stats(m, chunk, buffer);
-
-
-			} else {
-				seq_puts(m, "Chunk:\n");
-				chunk_map_stats(m, chunk, buffer);
+	for (type = 0; type < PCPU_NR_CHUNK_TYPES; type++) {
+		for (slot = 0; slot < pcpu_nr_slots; slot++) {
+			list_for_each_entry(chunk, &pcpu_chunk_list(type)[slot],
+					    list) {
+				if (chunk == pcpu_first_chunk) {
+					seq_puts(m, "Chunk: <- First Chunk\n");
+					chunk_map_stats(m, chunk, buffer);
+				} else {
+					seq_puts(m, "Chunk:\n");
+					chunk_map_stats(m, chunk, buffer);
+				}
 			}
-
 		}
 	}
 

mm/percpu-vm.c

@@ -328,12 +328,13 @@ static void pcpu_depopulate_chunk(struct pcpu_chunk *chunk,
 	pcpu_free_pages(chunk, pages, page_start, page_end);
 }
 
-static struct pcpu_chunk *pcpu_create_chunk(gfp_t gfp)
+static struct pcpu_chunk *pcpu_create_chunk(enum pcpu_chunk_type type,
+					    gfp_t gfp)
 {
 	struct pcpu_chunk *chunk;
 	struct vm_struct **vms;
 
-	chunk = pcpu_alloc_chunk(gfp);
+	chunk = pcpu_alloc_chunk(type, gfp);
 	if (!chunk)
 		return NULL;