selftests/bpf: Fix stdout race condition in traffic monitor

Fix a race condition between the main test_progs thread and the traffic
monitoring thread. The traffic monitor thread tries to print a line
using multiple printf and use flockfile() to prevent the line from being
torn apart. Meanwhile, the main thread doing io redirection can reassign
or close stdout when going through tests. A deadlock as shown below can
happen.

       main                      traffic_monitor_thread
       ====                      ======================
                                 show_transport()
                                 -> flockfile(stdout)

stdio_hijack_init()
-> stdout = open_memstream(log_buf, log_cnt);
   ...
   env.subtest_state->stdout_saved = stdout;

                                    ...
                                    funlockfile(stdout)
stdio_restore_cleanup()
-> fclose(env.subtest_state->stdout_saved);

After the traffic monitor thread lock stdout, A new memstream can be
assigned to stdout by the main thread. Therefore, the traffic monitor
thread later will not be able to unlock the original stdout. As the
main thread tries to access the old stdout, it will hang indefinitely
as it is still locked by the traffic monitor thread.

The deadlock can be reproduced by running test_progs repeatedly with
traffic monitor enabled:

for ((i=1;i<=100;i++)); do
  ./test_progs -a flow_dissector_skb* -m '*'
done

Fix this by only calling printf once and remove flockfile()/funlockfile().

Signed-off-by: Amery Hung <ameryhung@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250213233217.553258-1-ameryhung@gmail.com

Author: ameryhung

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/network_helpers.c

@@ -788,12 +788,13 @@ static const char *pkt_type_str(u16 pkt_type)
 	return "Unknown";
 }
 
+#define MAX_FLAGS_STRLEN 21
 /* Show the information of the transport layer in the packet */
 static void show_transport(const u_char *packet, u16 len, u32 ifindex,
 			   const char *src_addr, const char *dst_addr,
 			   u16 proto, bool ipv6, u8 pkt_type)
 {
-	char *ifname, _ifname[IF_NAMESIZE];
+	char *ifname, _ifname[IF_NAMESIZE], flags[MAX_FLAGS_STRLEN] = "";
 	const char *transport_str;
 	u16 src_port, dst_port;
 	struct udphdr *udp;
@@ -834,29 +835,21 @@ static void show_transport(const u_char *packet, u16 len, u32 ifindex,
 
 	/* TCP or UDP*/
 
-	flockfile(stdout);
+	if (proto == IPPROTO_TCP)
+		snprintf(flags, MAX_FLAGS_STRLEN, "%s%s%s%s",
+			 tcp->fin ? ", FIN" : "",
+			 tcp->syn ? ", SYN" : "",
+			 tcp->rst ? ", RST" : "",
+			 tcp->ack ? ", ACK" : "");
+
 	if (ipv6)
-		printf("%-7s %-3s IPv6 %s.%d > %s.%d: %s, length %d",
+		printf("%-7s %-3s IPv6 %s.%d > %s.%d: %s, length %d%s\n",
 		       ifname, pkt_type_str(pkt_type), src_addr, src_port,
-		       dst_addr, dst_port, transport_str, len);
+		       dst_addr, dst_port, transport_str, len, flags);
 	else
-		printf("%-7s %-3s IPv4 %s:%d > %s:%d: %s, length %d",
+		printf("%-7s %-3s IPv4 %s:%d > %s:%d: %s, length %d%s\n",
 		       ifname, pkt_type_str(pkt_type), src_addr, src_port,
-		       dst_addr, dst_port, transport_str, len);
-
-	if (proto == IPPROTO_TCP) {
-		if (tcp->fin)
-			printf(", FIN");
-		if (tcp->syn)
-			printf(", SYN");
-		if (tcp->rst)
-			printf(", RST");
-		if (tcp->ack)
-			printf(", ACK");
-	}
-
-	printf("\n");
-	funlockfile(stdout);
+		       dst_addr, dst_port, transport_str, len, flags);
 }
 
 static void show_ipv6_packet(const u_char *packet, u32 ifindex, u8 pkt_type)