libbpf: add btf__parse_elf API to load .BTF and .BTF.ext

Loading BTF and BTF.ext from ELF file is a common need. Instead of
requiring every user to re-implement it, let's provide this API from
libbpf itself. It's mostly copy/paste from `bpftool btf dump`
implementation, which will be switched to libbpf's version in next
patch. btf__parse_elf allows to load BTF and optionally BTF.ext.
This is also useful for tests that need to load/work with BTF, loaded
from test ELF files.

Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Author: anakryiko

tools/lib/bpf/btf.c

@@ -4,10 +4,12 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
 #include <linux/btf.h>
+#include <gelf.h>
 #include "btf.h"
 #include "bpf.h"
 #include "libbpf.h"
@@ -417,6 +419,132 @@ struct btf *btf__new(__u8 *data, __u32 size)
 	return btf;
 }
 
+static bool btf_check_endianness(const GElf_Ehdr *ehdr)
+{
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+	return ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2LSB;
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+	return ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB;
+#else
+# error "Unrecognized __BYTE_ORDER__"
+#endif
+}
+
+struct btf *btf__parse_elf(const char *path, struct btf_ext **btf_ext)
+{
+	Elf_Data *btf_data = NULL, *btf_ext_data = NULL;
+	int err = 0, fd = -1, idx = 0;
+	struct btf *btf = NULL;
+	Elf_Scn *scn = NULL;
+	Elf *elf = NULL;
+	GElf_Ehdr ehdr;
+
+	if (elf_version(EV_CURRENT) == EV_NONE) {
+		pr_warning("failed to init libelf for %s\n", path);
+		return ERR_PTR(-LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF);
+	}
+
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		err = -errno;
+		pr_warning("failed to open %s: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
+
+	elf = elf_begin(fd, ELF_C_READ, NULL);
+	if (!elf) {
+		pr_warning("failed to open %s as ELF file\n", path);
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (!gelf_getehdr(elf, &ehdr)) {
+		pr_warning("failed to get EHDR from %s\n", path);
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (!btf_check_endianness(&ehdr)) {
+		pr_warning("non-native ELF endianness is not supported\n");
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (!elf_rawdata(elf_getscn(elf, ehdr.e_shstrndx), NULL)) {
+		pr_warning("failed to get e_shstrndx from %s\n", path);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	while ((scn = elf_nextscn(elf, scn)) != NULL) {
+		GElf_Shdr sh;
+		char *name;
+
+		idx++;
+		if (gelf_getshdr(scn, &sh) != &sh) {
+			pr_warning("failed to get section(%d) header from %s\n",
+				   idx, path);
+			goto done;
+		}
+		name = elf_strptr(elf, ehdr.e_shstrndx, sh.sh_name);
+		if (!name) {
+			pr_warning("failed to get section(%d) name from %s\n",
+				   idx, path);
+			goto done;
+		}
+		if (strcmp(name, BTF_ELF_SEC) == 0) {
+			btf_data = elf_getdata(scn, 0);
+			if (!btf_data) {
+				pr_warning("failed to get section(%d, %s) data from %s\n",
+					   idx, name, path);
+				goto done;
+			}
+			continue;
+		} else if (btf_ext && strcmp(name, BTF_EXT_ELF_SEC) == 0) {
+			btf_ext_data = elf_getdata(scn, 0);
+			if (!btf_ext_data) {
+				pr_warning("failed to get section(%d, %s) data from %s\n",
+					   idx, name, path);
+				goto done;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = 0;
+
+	if (!btf_data) {
+		err = -ENOENT;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	btf = btf__new(btf_data->d_buf, btf_data->d_size);
+	if (IS_ERR(btf))
+		goto done;
+
+	if (btf_ext && btf_ext_data) {
+		*btf_ext = btf_ext__new(btf_ext_data->d_buf,
+					btf_ext_data->d_size);
+		if (IS_ERR(*btf_ext))
+			goto done;
+	} else if (btf_ext) {
+		*btf_ext = NULL;
+	}
+done:
+	if (elf)
+		elf_end(elf);
+	close(fd);
+
+	if (err)
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+	/*
+	 * btf is always parsed before btf_ext, so no need to clean up
+	 * btf_ext, if btf loading failed
+	 */
+	if (IS_ERR(btf))
+		return btf;
+	if (btf_ext && IS_ERR(*btf_ext)) {
+		btf__free(btf);
+		err = PTR_ERR(*btf_ext);
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+	return btf;
+}
+
 static int compare_vsi_off(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 {
 	const struct btf_var_secinfo *a = _a;

tools/lib/bpf/btf.h

@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@ struct btf_ext_header {
 
 LIBBPF_API void btf__free(struct btf *btf);
 LIBBPF_API struct btf *btf__new(__u8 *data, __u32 size);
+LIBBPF_API struct btf *btf__parse_elf(const char *path,
+				      struct btf_ext **btf_ext);
 LIBBPF_API int btf__finalize_data(struct bpf_object *obj, struct btf *btf);
 LIBBPF_API int btf__load(struct btf *btf);
 LIBBPF_API __s32 btf__find_by_name(const struct btf *btf,

tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map

@@ -164,3 +164,8 @@ LIBBPF_0.0.3 {
 		bpf_map_freeze;
 		btf__finalize_data;
 } LIBBPF_0.0.2;
+
+LIBBPF_0.0.4 {
+	global:
+		btf__parse_elf;
+} LIBBPF_0.0.3;