Pseudocode Cheatsheet

The content below is for pseudocode reference.

Variable Declaration

Assign the value 10 to the variable num.

Set num to 10

Alternative num <-- 10

Note: The following is a list of variable and function names that are reserved. Do not use these or bad things may happen:

• chooseExample
• choose
• convertLine
• displayError
• errorDisplay
• examples
• indentDisplay
• indent
• indexOfEnd
• jscode
• output
• reindent
• runButton
• saveIndentLevel
• setIndent
• textarea
• toast

Comments

Write a comment by using //.

// This line will be ignored
Set x to "This line will be executed"

Output

Display a value to output.

Write "Hello There!"

Alternatives to Write: Print, Display, Output

Input

Read the value given by the user and store it in a variable x.

Read x

A message can be displayed to the user when asking for input.

Read name "Enter your name"
Write "Hello " + name + "!"

Alternatives to Read: Get, Input

Increment/Decrement

Add or subtract 1 to a variable.

Read x
Read y
Increment x
Decrement y

Conditions

A condition is a part of code that will evaluate to either true or false when ran.

Example	Description
x = 10	True if x is equal to 10
x != 10	True if x is not equal to 10
x > 10	True if x is greater than 10
x < 10	True if x is less than 10
x >= 10	True if x is greater than or equal to 10
x <= 10	True if x is less than or equal to 10
cond1 and cond2	True if both cond1 and cond2 is true
cond1 or cond2	True if either cond1 or cond2 is true
not cond1	cond1 becomes false if true and vice versa

Alternatives to =: equals, is equal to

Alternatives to !=: is not equal to, does not equal

Alternative to <=: is less than

Alternative to >=: is greater than

If/Else

If statements runs the code that is indented below it if the condition in brackets is true.

Read day
If (day = "Wednesday")
    Print "We have a lab today"

Else statements runs the code that is indented below it if the above If statement was false.

Read num
If (num % 2 = 0)
    Print "Number is even"
Else
    Print "Number is odd"

Additionally, there are ElseIf statements which runs the indented block bellow it if the above If statement was false and if the condition in brackets is true.

Read day
If (day = "Tuesday" OR day = "Thursday")
    Print "Lecture today"
ElseIf (day = "Wednesday")
    Print "Lab today"
Else
    Print "No class today"

Alternatives to ElseIf: Elif, Else If

Loop

Create a loop by using While. The code inside the loop will continue to run as long as the condition within the brackets is true.

Set count to 1
While (count <= 10)
    Print count
    Increment count

Functions

Functions contain a block of code that can be ran whenever it is called. Functions can return a value which can be assigned to a variable.

Function clamp(number, min, max)
    If (number > max)
        number <-- max
    Else If (number < min)
        number <-- min
    Return number

Set x to clamp(10, -10, 5)
Print x

The following functions are already defined. You can override them, but you can no longer access them:

• Push(array, value): adds a value to the top of an array.
• Pop(array): removes and returns the value from the top of an array.
• Enque(array, value): same as Push.
• Deque(array): removes and returns the value from the bottom of an array.
• Insert(array, value): same as Push.
• Delete(array, value): delete the value from the array if found.
• IsEmpty(array): returns true if an array is empty.
• IsThere(array, value): returns true if a value in an array is found.

Arrays

An array is a collection of values where a single value can be located by an index.

Arrays can be created like so:

array myArray[size]

Alternatives to array: boolean, integer, float, string

Declaring an array using integer, or some other data type does not necessarily mean that the array can only be populated with only one date type. This is because arrays in JavaScript can contain values with multiple data types.