Gin Web Framework

Gin 是一款go语言web框架. 他提供martini风格的API,但是在各方面表现却更好,甚至路由响应速度是martini的40多倍,者主要归功于 httprouter.如果你需要比较优秀的性能,你一定会喜欢上Gin的.

# assume the following codes in example.go file
$ cat example.go

package main

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

func main() {
	r := gin.Default()
	r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.JSON(200, gin.H{
			"message": "pong",
		})
	})
	r.Run() // listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
}

# run example.go and visit 0.0.0.0:8080/ping on browser
$ go run example.go

Benchmarks

Gin 使用了定制的HttpRouter

查看全部测试示例

示例	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
BenchmarkGin_GithubAll	30000	48375	0	0
BenchmarkAce_GithubAll	10000	134059	13792	167
BenchmarkBear_GithubAll	5000	534445	86448	943
BenchmarkBeego_GithubAll	3000	592444	74705	812
BenchmarkBone_GithubAll	200	6957308	698784	8453
BenchmarkDenco_GithubAll	10000	158819	20224	167
BenchmarkEcho_GithubAll	10000	154700	6496	203
BenchmarkGocraftWeb_GithubAll	3000	570806	131656	1686
BenchmarkGoji_GithubAll	2000	818034	56112	334
BenchmarkGojiv2_GithubAll	2000	1213973	274768	3712
BenchmarkGoJsonRest_GithubAll	2000	785796	134371	2737
BenchmarkGoRestful_GithubAll	300	5238188	689672	4519
BenchmarkGorillaMux_GithubAll	100	10257726	211840	2272
BenchmarkHttpRouter_GithubAll	20000	105414	13792	167
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_GithubAll	10000	319934	65856	671
BenchmarkKocha_GithubAll	10000	209442	23304	843
BenchmarkLARS_GithubAll	20000	62565	0	0
BenchmarkMacaron_GithubAll	2000	1161270	204194	2000
BenchmarkMartini_GithubAll	200	9991713	226549	2325
BenchmarkPat_GithubAll	200	5590793	1499568	27435
BenchmarkPossum_GithubAll	10000	319768	84448	609
BenchmarkR2router_GithubAll	10000	305134	77328	979
BenchmarkRivet_GithubAll	10000	132134	16272	167
BenchmarkTango_GithubAll	3000	552754	63826	1618
BenchmarkTigerTonic_GithubAll	1000	1439483	239104	5374
BenchmarkTraffic_GithubAll	100	11383067	2659329	21848
BenchmarkVulcan_GithubAll	5000	394253	19894	609

• (1): 在规定的时间内重复请求, 数据越大意味着可靠性越好
• (2): 单此请求响应时间, 数据越小越好
• (3): 堆栈内存使用量 (B/op), 越小越好
• (4): 每次请求内存分配大小,越小越好

Gin v1稳定版

• 路由无内存损耗
• 依然是最快的路由和框架. 无论是路由性能还是读写性能
• 单元测试非常完善
• 经过非常完善的测试
• api接口非常稳定,不会因为接口不兼容导致你的代码出错

如何使用

1. 下载并安装gin:

$ go get github.com/gin-gonic/gin

2. 导入到你的代码:

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

3. (可选) 导入 net/http 包. 这个包可能会用上,比如你使用http.StatusOK状态.

import "net/http"

你也可以使用扩展工具包 Govendor

1. 安装govendor工具

$ go get github.com/kardianos/govendor

2. 创建 项目并进入项目目录下

$ mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/github.com/myusername/project && cd "$_"

3. 使用工具包初始化项目并添加gin包

$ govendor init
$ govendor fetch github.com/gin-gonic/gin@v1.2

4. 将启动页模板复制到项目下

$ curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gin-gonic/gin/master/examples/basic/main.go > main.go

5. 运行项目

$ go run main.go

支持 jsoniter

Gin 使用 encoding/json包作为默认的json解析包,但是你也可以通过build tag来修改成 jsoniter .

$ go build -tags=jsoniter .

API 示例

使用 GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE and OPTIONS 方法

func main() {
	// Disable Console Color
	// gin.DisableConsoleColor()

	// Creates a gin router with default middleware:
	// logger and recovery (crash-free) middleware
	router := gin.Default()

	router.GET("/someGet", getting)
	router.POST("/somePost", posting)
	router.PUT("/somePut", putting)
	router.DELETE("/someDelete", deleting)
	router.PATCH("/somePatch", patching)
	router.HEAD("/someHead", head)
	router.OPTIONS("/someOptions", options)

	// By default it serves on :8080 unless a
	// PORT environment variable was defined.
	router.Run()
	// router.Run(":3000") for a hard coded port
}

获取请求链接path中的参数

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()

	// This handler will match /user/john but will not match neither /user/ or /user
	router.GET("/user/:name", func(c *gin.Context) {
		name := c.Param("name")
		c.String(http.StatusOK, "Hello %s", name)
	})

	// However, this one will match /user/john/ and also /user/john/send
	// If no other routers match /user/john, it will redirect to /user/john/
	router.GET("/user/:name/*action", func(c *gin.Context) {
		name := c.Param("name")
		action := c.Param("action")
		message := name + " is " + action
		c.String(http.StatusOK, message)
	})

	router.Run(":8080")
}

获取Query参数

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()

	// Query string parameters are parsed using the existing underlying request object.
	// The request responds to a url matching:  /welcome?firstname=Jane&lastname=Doe
	router.GET("/welcome", func(c *gin.Context) {
		firstname := c.DefaultQuery("firstname", "Guest")
		lastname := c.Query("lastname") // shortcut for c.Request.URL.Query().Get("lastname")

		c.String(http.StatusOK, "Hello %s %s", firstname, lastname)
	})
	router.Run(":8080")
}

Multipart/Urlencoded 类型表单

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()

	router.POST("/form_post", func(c *gin.Context) {
		message := c.PostForm("message")
		nick := c.DefaultPostForm("nick", "anonymous")

		c.JSON(200, gin.H{
			"status":  "posted",
			"message": message,
			"nick":    nick,
		})
	})
	router.Run(":8080")
}

query 和post表单混合使用

POST /post?id=1234&page=1 HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

name=manu&message=this_is_great

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()

	router.POST("/post", func(c *gin.Context) {

		id := c.Query("id")
		page := c.DefaultQuery("page", "0")
		name := c.PostForm("name")
		message := c.PostForm("message")

		fmt.Printf("id: %s; page: %s; name: %s; message: %s", id, page, name, message)
	})
	router.Run(":8080")
}

id: 1234; page: 1; name: manu; message: this_is_great

上传文件

上传单个文件

相关issue #774 和细节example code.

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()
	// Set a lower memory limit for multipart forms (default is 32 MiB)
	// router.MaxMultipartMemory = 8 << 20  // 8 MiB
	router.POST("/upload", func(c *gin.Context) {
		// single file
		file, _ := c.FormFile("file")
		log.Println(file.Filename)

		// Upload the file to specific dst.
		// c.SaveUploadedFile(file, dst)

		c.String(http.StatusOK, fmt.Sprintf("'%s' uploaded!", file.Filename))
	})
	router.Run(":8080")
}

How to curl:

curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/upload \
  -F "file=@/Users/appleboy/test.zip" \
  -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data"

多个文件

查看详细文档 example code.

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()
	// Set a lower memory limit for multipart forms (default is 32 MiB)
	// router.MaxMultipartMemory = 8 << 20  // 8 MiB
	router.POST("/upload", func(c *gin.Context) {
		// Multipart form
		form, _ := c.MultipartForm()
		files := form.File["upload[]"]

		for _, file := range files {
			log.Println(file.Filename)

			// Upload the file to specific dst.
			// c.SaveUploadedFile(file, dst)
		}
		c.String(http.StatusOK, fmt.Sprintf("%d files uploaded!", len(files)))
	})
	router.Run(":8080")
}

How to curl:

curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/upload \
  -F "upload[]=@/Users/appleboy/test1.zip" \
  -F "upload[]=@/Users/appleboy/test2.zip" \
  -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data"

在路由中使用Group

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()

	// Simple group: v1
	v1 := router.Group("/v1")
	{
		v1.POST("/login", loginEndpoint)
		v1.POST("/submit", submitEndpoint)
		v1.POST("/read", readEndpoint)
	}

	// Simple group: v2
	v2 := router.Group("/v2")
	{
		v2.POST("/login", loginEndpoint)
		v2.POST("/submit", submitEndpoint)
		v2.POST("/read", readEndpoint)
	}

	router.Run(":8080")
}

初始化没有使用任何中间件的gin对象

使用

r := gin.New()

代替

// Default With the Logger and Recovery middleware already attached
r := gin.Default()

使用中间件

func main() {
	// Creates a router without any middleware by default
	r := gin.New()

	// Global middleware
	// Logger middleware will write the logs to gin.DefaultWriter even if you set with GIN_MODE=release.
	// By default gin.DefaultWriter = os.Stdout
	r.Use(gin.Logger())

	// Recovery middleware recovers from any panics and writes a 500 if there was one.
	r.Use(gin.Recovery())

	// Per route middleware, you can add as many as you desire.
	r.GET("/benchmark", MyBenchLogger(), benchEndpoint)

	// Authorization group
	// authorized := r.Group("/", AuthRequired())
	// exactly the same as:
	authorized := r.Group("/")
	// per group middleware! in this case we use the custom created
	// AuthRequired() middleware just in the "authorized" group.
	authorized.Use(AuthRequired())
	{
		authorized.POST("/login", loginEndpoint)
		authorized.POST("/submit", submitEndpoint)
		authorized.POST("/read", readEndpoint)

		// nested group
		testing := authorized.Group("testing")
		testing.GET("/analytics", analyticsEndpoint)
	}

	// Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
	r.Run(":8080")
}

如何使用日志

func main() {
    // Disable Console Color, you don't need console color when writing the logs to file.
    gin.DisableConsoleColor()

    // Logging to a file.
    f, _ := os.Create("gin.log")
    gin.DefaultWriter = io.MultiWriter(f)

    // Use the following code if you need to write the logs to file and console at the same time.
    // gin.DefaultWriter = io.MultiWriter(f, os.Stdout)

    router := gin.Default()
    router.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })

    router.Run(":8080")
}

模型绑定和校验

我们可以将参数和变量绑定到模型结构体上,当前支持 JSON, XML and 和标准的form表单形式(foo=bar&boo=baz).

Gin支持使用 go-playground/validator.v8 来作为 模型.点击这里查看详细文档 here.

这里需要注意,当绑定模型时,前后标签要一致，比如数据来自JSON对象,结构体相关字段应添加 json:"fieldname" 标签.

一帮来说,gin提供俩种类型的数据绑定方法:

• 类型 - 必须类Must bind  - 相关方法 - Bind, BindJSON, BindQuery  - 相关行为 - 这些方法底层其实封装了MustBindWith. 一旦绑定过程中出现错误,gin将使用c.AbortWithError(400, err).SetType(ErrorTypeBind)方法响应错误到前端. 此时网络状态将设置成 400 , Content-Type 也 被设置成text/plain; charset=utf-8.注意,如果你在采错误发生后设置header相关信息,gin将会提示如下警告信息:[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Headers were already written. Wanted to override status code 400 with 422.如果你想系统更友好一点，建议你使用 ShouldBind 方法
• 类型 - 尝试类Should bind  - 相关方法 - ShouldBind, ShouldBindJSON, ShouldBindQuery  - 相关行为 - 这些方法本质上封装了 ShouldBindWith .一旦有错误发生,系统并不会终止,但是会将错误信息返回，开发人员需要自行处理.

当你使用nustbind类方法时，gin会自动猜测你的 Content-Type header类型. 一旦你知道你需要绑定的是哪一种结构体, 你就可以使用 MustBindWith 或者 ShouldBindWith.进行绑定了

你可以将字段标记为必填binding:"required",一旦该字段被标记为必填,如果该字段为空，那么绑定就会报错,并返回.

// Binding from JSON
type Login struct {
	User     string `form:"user" json:"user" binding:"required"`
	Password string `form:"password" json:"password" binding:"required"`
}

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()

	// Example for binding JSON ({"user": "manu", "password": "123"})
	router.POST("/loginJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
		var json Login
		if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&json); err == nil {
			if json.User == "manu" && json.Password == "123" {
				c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"})
			} else {
				c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"status": "unauthorized"})
			}
		} else {
			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
		}
	})

	// Example for binding a HTML form (user=manu&password=123)
	router.POST("/loginForm", func(c *gin.Context) {
		var form Login
		// This will infer what binder to use depending on the content-type header.
		if err := c.ShouldBind(&form); err == nil {
			if form.User == "manu" && form.Password == "123" {
				c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"})
			} else {
				c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"status": "unauthorized"})
			}
		} else {
			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
		}
	})

	// Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
	router.Run(":8080")
}

请求示例

$ curl -v -X POST \
  http://localhost:8080/loginJSON \
  -H 'content-type: application/json' \
  -d '{ "user": "manu" }'
> POST /loginJSON HTTP/1.1
> Host: localhost:8080
> User-Agent: curl/7.51.0
> Accept: */*
> content-type: application/json
> Content-Length: 18
>
* upload completely sent off: 18 out of 18 bytes
< HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
< Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
< Date: Fri, 04 Aug 2017 03:51:31 GMT
< Content-Length: 100
<
{"error":"Key: 'Login.Password' Error:Field validation for 'Password' failed on the 'required' tag"}

用户自定义校验规则

用户也可以自定义校验规则,详情点这里 example code.

package main

import (
	"net/http"
	"reflect"
	"time"

	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
	"gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8"
)

type Booking struct {
	CheckIn  time.Time `form:"check_in" binding:"required,bookabledate" time_format:"2006-01-02"`
	CheckOut time.Time `form:"check_out" binding:"required,gtfield=CheckIn" time_format:"2006-01-02"`
}

func bookableDate(
	v *validator.Validate, topStruct reflect.Value, currentStructOrField reflect.Value,
	field reflect.Value, fieldType reflect.Type, fieldKind reflect.Kind, param string,
) bool {
	if date, ok := field.Interface().(time.Time); ok {
		today := time.Now()
		if today.Year() > date.Year() || today.YearDay() > date.YearDay() {
			return false
		}
	}
	return true
}

func main() {
	route := gin.Default()
	binding.Validator.RegisterValidation("bookabledate", bookableDate)
	route.GET("/bookable", getBookable)
	route.Run(":8085")
}

func getBookable(c *gin.Context) {
	var b Booking
	if err := c.ShouldBindWith(&b, binding.Query); err == nil {
		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Booking dates are valid!"})
	} else {
		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
	}
}

$ curl "localhost:8085/bookable?check_in=2017-08-16&check_out=2017-08-17"
{"message":"Booking dates are valid!"}

$ curl "localhost:8085/bookable?check_in=2017-08-15&check_out=2017-08-16"
{"error":"Key: 'Booking.CheckIn' Error:Field validation for 'CheckIn' failed on the 'bookabledate' tag"}

只绑定 Query 数据

ShouldBindQuery 函数支持只绑定Query参数的功能,详情请查阅detail information.

package main

import (
	"log"

	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

type Person struct {
	Name    string `form:"name"`
	Address string `form:"address"`
}

func main() {
	route := gin.Default()
	route.Any("/testing", startPage)
	route.Run(":8085")
}

func startPage(c *gin.Context) {
	var person Person
	if c.ShouldBindQuery(&person) == nil {
		log.Println("====== Only Bind By Query String ======")
		log.Println(person.Name)
		log.Println(person.Address)
	}
	c.String(200, "Success")
}

绑定Query或Post Data

详情请查阅 detail information.

package main

import "log"
import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
import "time"

type Person struct {
	Name     string    `form:"name"`
	Address  string    `form:"address"`
	Birthday time.Time `form:"birthday" time_format:"2006-01-02" time_utc:"1"`
}

func main() {
	route := gin.Default()
	route.GET("/testing", startPage)
	route.Run(":8085")
}

func startPage(c *gin.Context) {
	var person Person
	// If `GET`, only `Form` binding engine (`query`) used.
	// If `POST`, first checks the `content-type` for `JSON` or `XML`, then uses `Form` (`form-data`).
	// See more at https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/blob/master/binding/binding.go#L48
	if c.ShouldBind(&person) == nil {
		log.Println(person.Name)
		log.Println(person.Address)
		log.Println(person.Birthday)
	}

	c.String(200, "Success")
}

测试用例如下:

$ curl -X GET "localhost:8085/testing?name=appleboy&address=xyz&birthday=1992-03-15"

绑定 checkboxes

详情查看 detail information

main.go

...

type myForm struct {
    Colors []string `form:"colors[]"`
}

...

func formHandler(c *gin.Context) {
    var fakeForm myForm
    c.ShouldBind(&fakeForm)
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{"color": fakeForm.Colors})
}

...

form.html代码如下

<form action="/" method="POST">
    <p>Check some colors</p>
    <label for="red">Red</label>
    <input type="checkbox" name="colors[]" value="red" id="red" />
    <label for="green">Green</label>
    <input type="checkbox" name="colors[]" value="green" id="green" />
    <label for="blue">Blue</label>
    <input type="checkbox" name="colors[]" value="blue" id="blue" />
    <input type="submit" />
</form>

响应结果如下:

{"color":["red","green","blue"]}

绑定Multipart/Urlencoded 类数据

package main

import (
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

type LoginForm struct {
	User     string `form:"user" binding:"required"`
	Password string `form:"password" binding:"required"`
}

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()
	router.POST("/login", func(c *gin.Context) {
		// you can bind multipart form with explicit binding declaration:
		// c.ShouldBindWith(&form, binding.Form)
		// or you can simply use autobinding with ShouldBind method:
		var form LoginForm
		// in this case proper binding will be automatically selected
		if c.ShouldBind(&form) == nil {
			if form.User == "user" && form.Password == "password" {
				c.JSON(200, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"})
			} else {
				c.JSON(401, gin.H{"status": "unauthorized"})
			}
		}
	})
	router.Run(":8080")
}

Test it with:

$ curl -v --form user=user --form password=password http://localhost:8080/login

渲染XML, JSON and YAML类型数据

func main() {
	r := gin.Default()

	// gin.H is a shortcut for map[string]interface{}
	r.GET("/someJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "hey", "status": http.StatusOK})
	})

	r.GET("/moreJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
		// You also can use a struct
		var msg struct {
			Name    string `json:"user"`
			Message string
			Number  int
		}
		msg.Name = "Lena"
		msg.Message = "hey"
		msg.Number = 123
		// Note that msg.Name becomes "user" in the JSON
		// Will output  :   {"user": "Lena", "Message": "hey", "Number": 123}
		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, msg)
	})

	r.GET("/someXML", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.XML(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "hey", "status": http.StatusOK})
	})

	r.GET("/someYAML", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.YAML(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "hey", "status": http.StatusOK})
	})

	// Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
	r.Run(":8080")
}

SecureJSON类型

gin使用 SecureJSON 来避免攻击,例如gin过滤了 "while(1)," to response body if the given struct is array values.

func main() {
	r := gin.Default()

	// You can also use your own secure json prefix
	// r.SecureJsonPrefix(")]}',\n")

	r.GET("/someJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
		names := []string{"lena", "austin", "foo"}

		// Will output  :   while(1);["lena","austin","foo"]
		c.SecureJSON(http.StatusOK, names)
	})

	// Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
	r.Run(":8080")
}

静态文件服务

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()
	router.Static("/assets", "./assets")
	router.StaticFS("/more_static", http.Dir("my_file_system"))
	router.StaticFile("/favicon.ico", "./resources/favicon.ico")

	// Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
	router.Run(":8080")
}

###渲染html文件

使用 LoadHTMLGlob() or LoadHTMLFiles()方法

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()
	router.LoadHTMLGlob("templates/*")
	//router.LoadHTMLFiles("templates/template1.html", "templates/template2.html")
	router.GET("/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "index.tmpl", gin.H{
			"title": "Main website",
		})
	})
	router.Run(":8080")
}

templates/index.tmpl

<html>
	<h1>
		{{ .title }}
	</h1>
</html>

使用不同目录下的文件

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()
	router.LoadHTMLGlob("templates/**/*")
	router.GET("/posts/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "posts/index.tmpl", gin.H{
			"title": "Posts",
		})
	})
	router.GET("/users/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "users/index.tmpl", gin.H{
			"title": "Users",
		})
	})
	router.Run(":8080")
}

templates/posts/index.tmpl

{{ define "posts/index.tmpl" }}
<html><h1>
	{{ .title }}
</h1>
<p>Using posts/index.tmpl</p>
</html>
{{ end }}

templates/users/index.tmpl

{{ define "users/index.tmpl" }}
<html><h1>
	{{ .title }}
</h1>
<p>Using users/index.tmpl</p>
</html>
{{ end }}

用户自定义渲染引擎

用户可以自定义html模板渲染引擎

import "html/template"

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()
	html := template.Must(template.ParseFiles("file1", "file2"))
	router.SetHTMLTemplate(html)
	router.Run(":8080")
}

自定义分隔符

我们可以自定义分隔符

	r := gin.Default()
	r.Delims("{[{", "}]}")
	r.LoadHTMLGlob("/path/to/templates"))

自定义模板函数

点击这里查看细节 example code.

main.go

import (
    "fmt"
    "html/template"
    "net/http"
    "time"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func formatAsDate(t time.Time) string {
    year, month, day := t.Date()
    return fmt.Sprintf("%d%02d/%02d", year, month, day)
}

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.Delims("{[{", "}]}")
    router.SetFuncMap(template.FuncMap{
        "formatAsDate": formatAsDate,
    })
    router.LoadHTMLFiles("./fixtures/basic/raw.tmpl")

    router.GET("/raw", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "raw.tmpl", map[string]interface{}{
            "now": time.Date(2017, 07, 01, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC),
        })
    })

    router.Run(":8080")
}

raw.tmpl

Date: {[{.now | formatAsDate}]}

Result:

Date: 2017/07/01

多模板支持

Gin allow by default use only one html.Template. Check a multitemplate render for using features like go 1.6 block template.

Redirects

Issuing a HTTP redirect is easy:

r.GET("/test", func(c *gin.Context) {
	c.Redirect(http.StatusMovedPermanently, "http://www.google.com/")
})

Both internal and external locations are supported.

自定义中间件

func Logger() gin.HandlerFunc {
	return func(c *gin.Context) {
		t := time.Now()

		// Set example variable
		c.Set("example", "12345")

		// before request

		c.Next()

		// after request
		latency := time.Since(t)
		log.Print(latency)

		// access the status we are sending
		status := c.Writer.Status()
		log.Println(status)
	}
}

func main() {
	r := gin.New()
	r.Use(Logger())

	r.GET("/test", func(c *gin.Context) {
		example := c.MustGet("example").(string)

		// it would print: "12345"
		log.Println(example)
	})

	// Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
	r.Run(":8080")
}

使用 BasicAuth() 中间件

// simulate some private data
var secrets = gin.H{
	"foo":    gin.H{"email": "foo@bar.com", "phone": "123433"},
	"austin": gin.H{"email": "austin@example.com", "phone": "666"},
	"lena":   gin.H{"email": "lena@guapa.com", "phone": "523443"},
}

func main() {
	r := gin.Default()

	// Group using gin.BasicAuth() middleware
	// gin.Accounts is a shortcut for map[string]string
	authorized := r.Group("/admin", gin.BasicAuth(gin.Accounts{
		"foo":    "bar",
		"austin": "1234",
		"lena":   "hello2",
		"manu":   "4321",
	}))

	// /admin/secrets endpoint
	// hit "localhost:8080/admin/secrets
	authorized.GET("/secrets", func(c *gin.Context) {
		// get user, it was set by the BasicAuth middleware
		user := c.MustGet(gin.AuthUserKey).(string)
		if secret, ok := secrets[user]; ok {
			c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"user": user, "secret": secret})
		} else {
			c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"user": user, "secret": "NO SECRET :("})
		}
	})

	// Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
	r.Run(":8080")
}

在中间件中使用协程

在中间件或handler中处理协程时,你不能直接使用ctx，必须使用它的copy

func main() {
	r := gin.Default()

	r.GET("/long_async", func(c *gin.Context) {
		// create copy to be used inside the goroutine
		cCp := c.Copy()
		go func() {
			// simulate a long task with time.Sleep(). 5 seconds
			time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)

			// note that you are using the copied context "cCp", IMPORTANT
			log.Println("Done! in path " + cCp.Request.URL.Path)
		}()
	})

	r.GET("/long_sync", func(c *gin.Context) {
		// simulate a long task with time.Sleep(). 5 seconds
		time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)

		// since we are NOT using a goroutine, we do not have to copy the context
		log.Println("Done! in path " + c.Request.URL.Path)
	})

	// Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
	r.Run(":8080")
}

自定义http配置

直接使用 http.ListenAndServe() :

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()
	http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router)
}

or

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()

	s := &http.Server{
		Addr:           ":8080",
		Handler:        router,
		ReadTimeout:    10 * time.Second,
		WriteTimeout:   10 * time.Second,
		MaxHeaderBytes: 1 << 20,
	}
	s.ListenAndServe()
}

支持https

如下

package main

import (
	"log"

	"github.com/gin-gonic/autotls"
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
	r := gin.Default()

	// Ping handler
	r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.String(200, "pong")
	})

	log.Fatal(autotls.Run(r, "example1.com", "example2.com"))
}

example for custom autocert manager.

package main

import (
	"log"

	"github.com/gin-gonic/autotls"
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"golang.org/x/crypto/acme/autocert"
)

func main() {
	r := gin.Default()

	// Ping handler
	r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.String(200, "pong")
	})

	m := autocert.Manager{
		Prompt:     autocert.AcceptTOS,
		HostPolicy: autocert.HostWhitelist("example1.com", "example2.com"),
		Cache:      autocert.DirCache("/var/www/.cache"),
	}

	log.Fatal(autotls.RunWithManager(r, &m))
}

使用Gin运行多个服务

查看问题 question and try the following example:

package main

import (
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"time"

	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
)

var (
	g errgroup.Group
)

func router01() http.Handler {
	e := gin.New()
	e.Use(gin.Recovery())
	e.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.JSON(
			http.StatusOK,
			gin.H{
				"code":  http.StatusOK,
				"error": "Welcome server 01",
			},
		)
	})

	return e
}

func router02() http.Handler {
	e := gin.New()
	e.Use(gin.Recovery())
	e.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.JSON(
			http.StatusOK,
			gin.H{
				"code":  http.StatusOK,
				"error": "Welcome server 02",
			},
		)
	})

	return e
}

func main() {
	server01 := &http.Server{
		Addr:         ":8080",
		Handler:      router01(),
		ReadTimeout:  5 * time.Second,
		WriteTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
	}

	server02 := &http.Server{
		Addr:         ":8081",
		Handler:      router02(),
		ReadTimeout:  5 * time.Second,
		WriteTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
	}

	g.Go(func() error {
		return server01.ListenAndServe()
	})

	g.Go(func() error {
		return server02.ListenAndServe()
	})

	if err := g.Wait(); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}

平滑重启或关闭

gin使用 fvbock/endless 替换默认的 ListenAndServe. Refer issue #296 for more details.

router := gin.Default()
router.GET("/", handler)
// [...]
endless.ListenAndServe(":4242", router)

你也可以使用如下开替代endless:

• manners: A polite Go HTTP server that shuts down gracefully.
• graceful: Graceful is a Go package enabling graceful shutdown of an http.Handler server.
• grace: Graceful restart & zero downtime deploy for Go servers.

如果你是用的是1.8,请考虑使用 http.Server's 内置的 Shutdown() method for graceful shutdowns. See the full graceful-shutdown example with gin.

// +build go1.8

package main

import (
	"context"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"os/signal"
	"time"

	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
	router := gin.Default()
	router.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
		time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
		c.String(http.StatusOK, "Welcome Gin Server")
	})

	srv := &http.Server{
		Addr:    ":8080",
		Handler: router,
	}

	go func() {
		// service connections
		if err := srv.ListenAndServe(); err != nil {
			log.Printf("listen: %s\n", err)
		}
	}()

	// Wait for interrupt signal to gracefully shutdown the server with
	// a timeout of 5 seconds.
	quit := make(chan os.Signal)
	signal.Notify(quit, os.Interrupt)
	<-quit
	log.Println("Shutdown Server ...")

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	if err := srv.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
		log.Fatal("Server Shutdown:", err)
	}
	log.Println("Server exiting")
}

Testing

The net/http/httptest package is preferable way for HTTP testing.

package main

func setupRouter() *gin.Engine {
	r := gin.Default()
	r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.String(200, "pong")
	})
	return r
}

func main() {
	r := setupRouter()
	r.Run(":8080")
}

Test for code example above:

package main

import (
	"net/http"
	"net/http/httptest"
	"testing"

	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
)

func TestPingRoute(t *testing.T) {
	router := setupRouter()

	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "/ping", nil)
	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)

	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
	assert.Equal(t, "pong", w.Body.String())
}

Users

Awesome project lists using Gin web framework.

• drone: Drone is a Continuous Delivery platform built on Docker, written in Go
• gorush: A push notification server written in Go.