[ADD] Inventory: Use locations to manage inventory

closes #3843

Signed-off-by: Zachary Straub (zst) <zst@odoo.com>

Author: John Holton (hojo)

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/inventory/management/warehouses.rst

@@ -11,3 +11,4 @@ Warehouses
    warehouses/difference_warehouse_location
    warehouses/warehouse_replenishment_transfer
    warehouses/create_a_second_warehouse
+   warehouses/use_locations

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/inventory/management/warehouses/use_locations.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+=========
+Locations
+=========
+
+A *location* is a specific space within a warehouse. This can be a shelf, room, aisle, etc. There
+are three types of locations in Odoo:
+
+- *Physical locations* are spaces within a warehouse owned by the user's company. These can be a an
+  area where items are stored like an aisle or shelf, or an area where operations take place, like
+  loading and unloading bays.
+- *Partner locations* are the same as physical locations except that they exist within the warehouse
+  of a customer or vendor.
+- *Virtual locations* are locations that do not exist physically, but where items that are not in
+  inventory can be placed. These can be items that have not yet entered inventory, like products
+  that are on the way to a warehouse, or items that are no longer in inventory due to loss or other
+  factors.
+
+.. important::
+   In order to use locations, the :guilabel:`Storage Locations` setting must be enabled. To do so,
+   navigate to :menuselection:`Inventory --> Configuration --> Settings`, scroll down to the
+   :guilabel:`Warehouse` heading, and enable the :guilabel:`Storage Locations` checkbox.
+
+Create a new location inside a warehouse
+========================================
+
+Starting from the :menuselection:`Inventory` app, select :menuselection:`Configuration --> Locations
+--> Create`. The new location form can then be configured as follows:
+
+- :guilabel:`Location Name`: the name that will be used to reference the location
+- :guilabel:`Parent Location`: the location or warehouse that the new location exists within
+- :guilabel:`Location Type`: choose the category that the location belongs to
+- :guilabel:`Company`: the company that owns the warehouse that the location is inside of
+- :guilabel:`Is a Scrap Location?`: check this box to allow for scrapped/damaged goods to be stored
+  in this location
+- :guilabel:`Is a Return Location?`: check this box to allow products to be returned to this
+  location
+- :guilabel:`Barcode`: the barcode number assigned to the location
+- :guilabel:`Removal Strategy`: the :ref:`strategy <inventory/routes/strategies/removal>` for how
+  items should be taken from inventory
+
+.. image:: use_locations/new-location-form.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: The form for creating a new location.
+
+Create location hierarchies
+===========================
+
+The *Parent Location* setting on the new location form allows for a location to exist within a
+warehouse or another location. Every location can serve as a parent location, and every parent
+location can have multiple locations within it, allowing for the creation of a virtually infinite
+hierarchical structure.
+
+.. example::
+   Location hierarchy could be organized so that a shelf is located within an aisle, which is
+   located within a room, which is located within the overall warehouse.
+
+To create the location hierarchy in the example above, set the warehouse as the parent of the room,
+the room as the parent of the aisle, and the aisle as the parent of the shelf. This can be adapted
+to a hierarchy of any magnitude.

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/inventory/management/warehouses/use_locations/new-location-form.png

@@ -2,12 +2,18 @@
 Removal strategies (FIFO, LIFO, FEFO)
 =====================================
 
+.. _inventory/routes/strategies/removal:
+
 For companies with warehouses, **removal strategies** determine which products are taken from the
 warehouse, and when. Removal strategies are typically defined for specific picking operations. This
 helps companies to select the best products, optimize the distance workers need to travel when
 picking items for orders, and account for quality control, such as moving products with expiration
 dates.
 
+Usually, *Removal Strategies* are defined in picking operations to select the best products to
+optimize the distance for the worker, for quality control purposes, or to first move the products
+with the closest expiration date.
+
 When a product needs to be moved, Odoo finds available products that can be assigned to the
 transfer. The way Odoo assigns these products depends on the :guilabel:`Removal Strategy` defined in
 either the :guilabel:`Product Category` or the :guilabel:`Location` dashboards.