8345625: Better HTTP connections

Reviewed-by: mbalao, andrew
Backport-of: 2ad3d59e4eb8882ee46a70c70cc75c9c0d008211

Author: Alexey Bakhtin

src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/ftp/impl/FtpClient.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@
  */
 package sun.net.ftp.impl;
 
-
-
 import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
 import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
 import java.io.BufferedReader;
@@ -64,13 +62,15 @@
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
+
 import sun.net.ftp.FtpDirEntry;
 import sun.net.ftp.FtpDirParser;
 import sun.net.ftp.FtpProtocolException;
 import sun.net.ftp.FtpReplyCode;
 import sun.net.util.IPAddressUtil;
 import sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger;
 
+import static sun.net.util.ProxyUtil.copyProxy;
 
 public class FtpClient extends sun.net.ftp.FtpClient {
 
@@ -982,7 +982,7 @@ public int getReadTimeout() {
     }
 
     public sun.net.ftp.FtpClient setProxy(Proxy p) {
-        proxy = p;
+        proxy = copyProxy(p);
         return this;
     }
 

src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/util/ProxyUtil.java

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package sun.net.util;
+
+import sun.net.ApplicationProxy;
+
+import java.net.Proxy;
+
+public final class ProxyUtil {
+
+    private ProxyUtil() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new {@link Proxy} instance for the given proxy iff it is
+     * neither null, {@link Proxy#NO_PROXY Proxy.NO_PROXY}, an
+     * {@link ApplicationProxy} instance, nor already a {@code Proxy} instance.
+     */
+    public static Proxy copyProxy(Proxy proxy) {
+        return proxy == null
+                || proxy.getClass() == Proxy.class
+                || proxy instanceof ApplicationProxy
+                ? proxy
+                : new Proxy(proxy.type(), proxy.address());
+    }
+
+}

src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/http/HttpClient.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1994, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1994, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@
 import sun.net.www.protocol.http.AuthCacheImpl;
 import sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection;
 import sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger;
+
+import static sun.net.util.ProxyUtil.copyProxy;
 import static sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.TunnelState.*;
 import sun.security.action.GetPropertyAction;
 
@@ -267,7 +269,7 @@ public HttpClient(URL url, String proxyHost, int proxyPort)
     }
 
     protected HttpClient(URL url, Proxy p, int to) throws IOException {
-        proxy = (p == null) ? Proxy.NO_PROXY : p;
+        proxy = p == null ? Proxy.NO_PROXY : copyProxy(p);
         this.host = url.getHost();
         this.url = url;
         port = url.getPort();
@@ -332,9 +334,7 @@ public static HttpClient New(URL url, boolean useCache)
     public static HttpClient New(URL url, Proxy p, int to, boolean useCache,
         HttpURLConnection httpuc) throws IOException
     {
-        if (p == null) {
-            p = Proxy.NO_PROXY;
-        }
+        p = p == null ? Proxy.NO_PROXY : copyProxy(p);
         HttpClient ret = null;
         /* see if one's already around */
         if (useCache) {

src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/ftp/FtpURLConnection.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1994, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1994, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 import java.util.StringTokenizer;
 import java.security.Permission;
 import java.util.Properties;
+
 import sun.net.NetworkClient;
 import sun.net.util.IPAddressUtil;
 import sun.net.www.MessageHeader;
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@
 import sun.net.www.ParseUtil;
 import sun.security.action.GetPropertyAction;
 
+import static sun.net.util.ProxyUtil.copyProxy;
 
 /**
  * This class Opens an FTP input (or output) stream given a URL.
@@ -246,7 +248,7 @@ public ProxySelector run() {
                     throw new IOException("Failed to select a proxy", iae);
                 }
                 for (Proxy proxy : proxies) {
-                    p = proxy;
+                    p = copyProxy(proxy);
                     if (p == null || p == Proxy.NO_PROXY ||
                         p.type() == Proxy.Type.SOCKS) {
                         break;

src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/ftp/Handler.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1994, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1994, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -33,11 +33,9 @@
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.Proxy;
-import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Objects;
-import sun.net.ftp.FtpClient;
-import sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection;
+
+import static sun.net.util.ProxyUtil.copyProxy;
 
 /** open an ftp connection given a URL */
 public class Handler extends java.net.URLStreamHandler {
@@ -57,11 +55,11 @@ protected java.net.URLConnection openConnection(URL u)
         return openConnection(u, null);
     }
 
-    protected java.net.URLConnection openConnection(URL u, Proxy p)
+    protected java.net.URLConnection openConnection(URL u, Proxy proxy)
         throws IOException {
-        FtpURLConnection connection = null;
+        FtpURLConnection connection;
         try {
-            connection = new FtpURLConnection(u, p);
+            connection = new FtpURLConnection(u, copyProxy(proxy));
         } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
             var mfue = new MalformedURLException(e.getMessage());
             mfue.initCause(e);

src/java.base/share/classes/sun/net/www/protocol/http/HttpURLConnection.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1995, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1995, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@
 import java.util.Properties;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
 
+import static sun.net.util.ProxyUtil.copyProxy;
 import static sun.net.www.protocol.http.AuthScheme.BASIC;
 import static sun.net.www.protocol.http.AuthScheme.DIGEST;
 import static sun.net.www.protocol.http.AuthScheme.NTLM;
@@ -931,7 +932,7 @@ protected HttpURLConnection(URL u, Proxy p, Handler handler)
         responses = new MessageHeader(maxHeaderSize);
         userHeaders = new MessageHeader();
         this.handler = handler;
-        instProxy = p;
+        instProxy = copyProxy(p);
         if (instProxy instanceof sun.net.ApplicationProxy) {
             /* Application set Proxies should not have access to cookies
              * in a secure environment unless explicitly allowed. */
@@ -1246,7 +1247,7 @@ public ProxySelector run() {
                     final Iterator<Proxy> it = proxies.iterator();
                     Proxy p;
                     while (it.hasNext()) {
-                        p = it.next();
+                        p = copyProxy(it.next());
                         try {
                             if (!failedOnce) {
                                 http = getNewHttpClient(url, p, connectTimeout);

src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/HttpRequestImpl.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 
 import static jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils.ALLOWED_HEADERS;
 import static jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils.ProxyHeaders;
+import static jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils.copyProxy;
 
 public class HttpRequestImpl extends HttpRequest implements WebSocketRequest {
 
@@ -128,15 +129,7 @@ public HttpRequestImpl(HttpRequest request, ProxySelector ps) {
             this.systemHeadersBuilder.setHeader("User-Agent", USER_AGENT);
         }
         this.uri = requestURI;
-        if (isWebSocket) {
-            // WebSocket determines and sets the proxy itself
-            this.proxy = ((HttpRequestImpl) request).proxy;
-        } else {
-            if (ps != null)
-                this.proxy = retrieveProxy(ps, uri);
-            else
-                this.proxy = null;
-        }
+        this.proxy = retrieveProxy(request, ps, uri);
         this.expectContinue = request.expectContinue();
         this.secure = uri.getScheme().toLowerCase(Locale.US).equals("https");
         this.requestPublisher = request.bodyPublisher().orElse(null);
@@ -295,16 +288,27 @@ void setH2Upgrade(Exchange<?> exchange) {
     @Override
     public boolean expectContinue() { return expectContinue; }
 
-    /** Retrieves the proxy, from the given ProxySelector, if there is one. */
-    private static Proxy retrieveProxy(ProxySelector ps, URI uri) {
-        Proxy proxy = null;
-        List<Proxy> pl = ps.select(uri);
-        if (!pl.isEmpty()) {
-            Proxy p = pl.get(0);
-            if (p.type() == Proxy.Type.HTTP)
-                proxy = p;
+    /** Retrieves a copy of the proxy either from the given {@link HttpRequest} or {@link ProxySelector}, if there is one. */
+    private static Proxy retrieveProxy(HttpRequest request, ProxySelector ps, URI uri) {
+
+        // WebSocket determines and sets the proxy itself
+        if (request instanceof HttpRequestImpl requestImpl && requestImpl.isWebSocket) {
+            return requestImpl.proxy;
+        }
+
+        // Try to find a matching one from the `ProxySelector`
+        if (ps != null) {
+            List<Proxy> pl = ps.select(uri);
+            if (!pl.isEmpty()) {
+                Proxy p = pl.getFirst();
+                if (p.type() == Proxy.Type.HTTP) {
+                    return copyProxy(p);
+                }
+            }
         }
-        return proxy;
+
+        return null;
+
     }
 
     InetSocketAddress proxy() {
@@ -320,7 +324,7 @@ InetSocketAddress proxy() {
     @Override
     public void setProxy(Proxy proxy) {
         assert isWebSocket;
-        this.proxy = proxy;
+        this.proxy = copyProxy(proxy);
     }
 
     @Override

src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/common/Utils.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 import java.lang.System.Logger.Level;
 import java.net.ConnectException;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.Proxy;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.net.URLPermission;
 import java.net.http.HttpClient;
@@ -313,6 +314,17 @@ public static boolean proxyHasDisabledSchemes(boolean tunnel) {
                       : ! PROXY_AUTH_DISABLED_SCHEMES.isEmpty();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new {@link Proxy} instance for the given proxy iff it is
+     * neither null, {@link Proxy#NO_PROXY Proxy.NO_PROXY}, nor already a
+     * {@code Proxy} instance.
+     */
+    public static Proxy copyProxy(Proxy proxy) {
+        return proxy == null || proxy.getClass() == Proxy.class
+                ? proxy
+                : new Proxy(proxy.type(), proxy.address());
+    }
+
     // WebSocket connection Upgrade headers
     private static final String HEADER_CONNECTION = "Connection";
     private static final String HEADER_UPGRADE    = "Upgrade";

src/java.net.http/share/classes/jdk/internal/net/http/websocket/OpeningHandshake.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 import static java.lang.String.format;
+import static jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils.copyProxy;
 import static jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils.isValidName;
 import static jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils.permissionForProxy;
 import static jdk.internal.net.http.common.Utils.stringOf;
@@ -373,7 +374,7 @@ private static Proxy proxyFor(Optional<ProxySelector> selector, URI uri) {
         if (proxy.type() != Proxy.Type.HTTP) {
             return null;
         }
-        return proxy;
+        return copyProxy(proxy);
     }
 
     /**