[Native Image] static-linked building fails with G1Gc #12197
Description
Describe the Issue
static linked building with g1gc always fails with error:
[chaney@centos demo]$ native-image --static --libc=musl --gc=G1 EnvMap
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GraalVM Native Image: Generating 'envmap' (static executable)...
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Warning: The host machine does not support all features of 'x86-64-v3'. Falling back to '-march=compatibility' for best compatibility.
[1/8] Initializing... (11.4s @ 0.18GB)
Java version: 25+37-LTS, vendor version: Oracle GraalVM 25+37.1
Graal compiler: optimization level: 2, target machine: compatibility, PGO: ML-inferred
C compiler: x86_64-linux-musl-gcc (redhat, x86_64, 11.5.0)
Garbage collector: G1 GC (max heap size: 25.0% of RAM)
1 user-specific feature(s):
- com.oracle.svm.thirdparty.gson.GsonFeature
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Build resources:
- 14.75GB of memory (70.2% of system memory, using available memory)
- 14 thread(s) (100.0% of 14 available processor(s), determined at start)
[2/8] Performing analysis... [******] (34.8s @ 0.42GB)
3,260 types, 3,684 fields, and 15,615 methods found reachable
1,078 types, 35 fields, and 418 methods registered for reflection
58 types, 59 fields, and 52 methods registered for JNI access
0 downcalls and 0 upcalls registered for foreign access
9 native libraries: dl, g1gc-musl-cr, m, pthread, rt, stdc++, z
[3/8] Building universe... (3.3s @ 0.45GB)
[4/8] Parsing methods... [***] (7.4s @ 0.49GB)
[5/8] Inlining methods... [***] (1.6s @ 0.50GB)
[6/8] Compiling methods... [*********] (87.6s @ 1.00GB)
[7/8] Laying out methods... [*] (1.8s @ 1.08GB)
[8/8] Creating image... [**
] (0.0s @ 1.15GB)
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6.8s (4.4% of total time) in 1010 GCs | Peak RSS: 3.76GB | CPU load: 2.54
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Build artifacts:
/Users/chaney/IdeaProjects/demo/svm_err_b_20250919T175800.986_pid3909.md (build_info)
========================================================================================================================
Failed generating 'envmap' after 2m 32s.
The build process encountered an unexpected error:
> java.lang.RuntimeException: There was an error linking the native image: Linker command exited with 1
Linker command executed:
/home/chaney/musl/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc -z noexecstack -z text -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--version-script,/tmp/SVM-1339411709554429916/exported_symbols.list -o /Users/chaney/IdeaProjects/demo/envmap envmap.o /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64/musl/liblibchelper.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64/musl/libsvm_container.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl/libnio.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl/libnet.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl/libjava.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl/libzip.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64/musl/libjvm.a -static -v -L/tmp/SVM-1339411709554429916 -L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl -L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64/musl -L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64 -L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries -lg1gc-musl-cr -ldl -lm -lpthread -lstdc++ -lz -ldl -lpthread -lrt
Linker command output:
Using built-in specs.
Reading specs from /home/chaney/musl/lib/musl-gcc.specs
rename spec cpp_options to old_cpp_options
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/lto-wrapper
OFFLOAD_TARGET_NAMES=nvptx-none
OFFLOAD_TARGET_DEFAULT=1
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --enable-bootstrap --enable-host-pie --enable-host-bind-now --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,lto --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-gcc-major-version-only --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --without-isl --enable-multilib --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --without-cuda-driver --enable-gnu-indirect-function --enable-cet --with-tune=generic --with-arch_64=x86-64-v2 --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux --with-build-config=bootstrap-lto --enable-link-serialization=1
Thread model: posix
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib zstd
gcc version 11.5.0 20240719 (Red Hat 11.5.0-11) (GCC)
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/../../../../lib64/:/lib/../lib64/:/usr/lib/../lib64/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-z' 'noexecstack' '-z' 'text' '-o' '/Users/chaney/IdeaProjects/demo/envmap' '-static' '-v' '-L/tmp/SVM-1339411709554429916' '-L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl' '-L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64/musl' '-L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64' '-L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries' '-specs=/home/chaney/musl/lib/musl-gcc.specs' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64-v2' '-dumpdir' '/Users/chaney/IdeaProjects/demo/envmap.'
/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/collect2 -plugin /usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/liblto_plugin.so -plugin-opt=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/lto-wrapper -plugin-opt=-fresolution=/tmp/ccTnw1Gm.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/libgcc.a -plugin-opt=-pass-through=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/libgcc_eh.a -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lc -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1 -nostdlib -static -o /Users/chaney/IdeaProjects/demo/envmap -z noexecstack -z text /home/chaney/musl-toolchain/lib/Scrt1.o /home/chaney/musl-toolchain/lib/crti.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/crtbeginS.o -L/tmp/SVM-1339411709554429916 -L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl -L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64/musl -L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64 -L/home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries -L/home/chaney/musl-toolchain/lib -L /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/. --gc-sections --version-script /tmp/SVM-1339411709554429916/exported_symbols.list envmap.o /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64/musl/liblibchelper.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64/musl/libsvm_container.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl/libnio.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl/libnet.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl/libjava.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/static/linux-amd64/musl/libzip.a /home/chaney/.sdkman/candidates/java/25-graal/lib/svm/clibraries/linux-amd64/musl/libjvm.a -lg1gc-musl-cr -ldl -lm -lpthread -lstdc++ -lz -ldl -lpthread -lrt --start-group /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/libgcc.a /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/libgcc_eh.a -lc --end-group /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/crtendS.o /home/chaney/musl-toolchain/lib/crtn.o
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/./libstdc++.a(guard.o): in function `__cxa_guard_acquire':
(.text.__cxa_guard_acquire+0x17): undefined reference to `__libc_single_threaded'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/./libstdc++.a(guard.o): in function `__cxa_guard_release':
(.text.__cxa_guard_release+0x7): undefined reference to `__libc_single_threaded'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/11/libgcc_eh.a(unwind-dw2-fde-dip.o): in function `_Unwind_Find_FDE':
(.text+0x25fc): undefined reference to `_dl_find_object'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Please inspect the generated error report at:
/Users/chaney/IdeaProjects/demo/svm_err_b_20250919T175800.986_pid3909.md
If you are unable to resolve this problem, please file an issue with the error report at:
https://graalvm.org/support
[chaney@centos demo]$ native-image --static --libc=musl --gc=G1 EnvMap
Using the latest version of GraalVM can resolve many issues.
- I tried with the latest version of GraalVM.
GraalVM Version
java 25 2025-09-16 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment Oracle GraalVM 25+37.1 (build 25+37-LTS-jvmci-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM Oracle GraalVM 25+37.1 (build 25+37-LTS-jvmci-b01, mixed mode, sharing)
Operating System and Version
centos 9
Build Command
native-image --static --libc=musl --gc=G1 EnvMap
import java.util.Map;
public class EnvMap {
public static void main (String[] args) {
var filter = args.length > 0 ? args[0] : "";
Map<String, String> env = System.getenv();
for (String envName : env.keySet()) {
if(envName.contains(filter)) {
System.out.format("%s=%s%n",
envName,
env.get(envName));
}
}
}
}Expected Behavior
successful building with static linked executable file
Actual Behavior
building fails
Steps to Reproduce
- create a java file with content above
- native-image --static --libc=musl --gc=G1 EnvMap
Additional Context
No response
Build Log Output and Error Messages
No response