Implement dynamical decoupling. #6515

babacry · 2024-03-20T21:23:05Z

Add dynamical decoupling operations to circuits for idle moments.

Two methods are provided to apply dynamical decoupling.

Schema "XX_PAIR" and "YY_PAIR" are provided.
Users can provide their own base dynamical decoupling sequence via base_dd_sequence.

We repeat given dd sequence in continuous idle moments until the remaining idle moments isn't long enough for another repetition.

babacry · 2024-03-20T21:25:35Z

Post the draft for general suggestions.

And see how the CI goes compared with local CI.

eliottrosenberg

LGTM up to some nits and suggestions. Once this is merged, we can discuss some possible ways to augment it. Thanks!

eliottrosenberg · 2024-03-25T20:33:02Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+) -> list['cirq.Gate']:
+    match schema:
+        case _DynamicalDecouplingSchema.XX_PAIR:
+            return _repeat_sequence([cirq.XPowGate(), cirq.XPowGate()], num_idle_moments)


I think you want cirq.X instead of cirq.XPowGate().

eliottrosenberg · 2024-03-25T20:33:19Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+        case _DynamicalDecouplingSchema.XX_PAIR:
+            return _repeat_sequence([cirq.XPowGate(), cirq.XPowGate()], num_idle_moments)
+        case _DynamicalDecouplingSchema.YY_PAIR:
+            return _repeat_sequence([cirq.YPowGate(), cirq.YPowGate()], num_idle_moments)


Similarly, I think you want cirq.Y here.

eliottrosenberg · 2024-03-25T20:34:49Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+        raise ValueError('Invalid dynamical decoupling sequence. Expect more than one gates.')
+    matrices = [cirq.unitary(gate) for gate in dd_sequence]
+    product = reduce(np.matmul, matrices)
+    if not np.array_equal(product, np.eye(2)):


You could use cirq.equal_up_to_global_phase() here (since we don't care if the sequence differs from the identity by a global phase).

eliottrosenberg · 2024-03-25T20:39:20Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+class _DynamicalDecouplingSchema(enum.Enum):
+    """Supported schemes of dynamical decoupling."""
+
+    XX_PAIR = 'XX_PAIR'


We may also want one that is does X X**-1. X and X**-1 have the same unitary but are implemented differently on hardware. Similarly for Y.

snichet

A couple suggestions for optimal implementation on hardware.

snichet · 2024-03-25T22:57:36Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling_test.py

+        dd_model=DynamicalDecouplingModel.from_schema("XX_PAIR"),
+    )
+
+    # Insert one XX_PAIR dynamical decoupling sequence in idle moments.


should be YY_Pair

snichet · 2024-03-25T23:02:55Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+        return self.schema, self.base_dd_sequence
+
+
+def add_dynamical_decoupling(


Might be nice to have an option only to insert DD gates on moments that only have single qubits gates. On the hardware, the calibrations for the gates do not include calibrating single qubits and two qubits gates concurrently.

Good idea, tracking this here. Feel free to put more thoughts there, thanks!

snichet · 2024-03-25T23:22:55Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+                num_idle_moments=moment_id - last_busy_moment_by_qubits[q] - 1
+            )
+            for idx, gate in enumerate(insert_gates):
+                insert_into.append((last_busy_moment_by_qubits[q] + idx + 1, gate.on(q)))


It seems like this is only inserting X gates on consecutive idle moments. I think the next step would be to divide the circuit into moments that are Clifford, then insert X gates on all idle single qubit moments (and perhaps also idle 2 qubit moments, but the caveat is my comment above). Then use the fact that Clifford circuits can be quickly and efficiently simulated to put the correct Clifford gate at the end of the group of moments, to inverse all the previous inserted gates. For CZ gates, this should just be a X, Y or Z gate, i believe.

Good idea, tracking this here. Feel free to put more thoughts there, thanks!

codecov · 2024-05-01T20:59:57Z

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 97.79%. Comparing base (bfba965) to head (b9c9557).
Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

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@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #6515      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   97.79%   97.79%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files        1124     1126       +2     
  Lines       95705    95784      +79     
==========================================
+ Hits        93595    93670      +75     
- Misses       2110     2114       +4

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NoureldinYosri · 2024-05-02T20:27:27Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+        )
+
+
+@value.value_equality


it doesn't look like we mutate the properties of this class, consider making this a dataclass/attrs.frozen e.g.

@attrs.frozen class DynamicalDecouplingModel: schema: Optional[_DynamicalDecouplingSchema] = attrs.field(default=None, validator=...) base_dd_sequence: Optional[list['cirq.Gate']] = attrs.field(default=None, validator=...) ...etc

actually I don't think this class is needed.. consider removing it, this will simplify your design and make your life easier as you won't need to worry about json

Done.

Context: I was not so sure about whether to add a model for dynamical decoupling. I chose to add a model class as I expected the dynamical decoupling schema might get more and more complex in the future. While for now, we only need to handle the case of "Supported schemes" and "Customized sequence". A function is good enough, and we do not need to worry about json.

NoureldinYosri · 2024-05-02T20:36:07Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+    circuit: 'cirq.AbstractCircuit',
+    *,
+    context: Optional['cirq.TransformerContext'] = None,
+    dd_model: DynamicalDecouplingModel = DynamicalDecouplingModel.from_schema("X_XINV"),


instead of dd_model try

spin_echo_sequence: Sequence[cirq.Gate] = (cirq.X, cirq.X),

Updated with schema.

My understanding is "dynamical decoupling sequence" is more general than "spin echo sequence", correct me if I was wrong @eliottrosenberg .

NoureldinYosri · 2024-05-02T20:42:32Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+    dd_model: DynamicalDecouplingModel = DynamicalDecouplingModel.from_schema("X_XINV"),
+) -> 'cirq.Circuit':
+    """Add dynamical decoupling gate operations to a given circuit.
+


does this preserve the moment structure? consider adding this to the docstring.

It preserves the moment structure.

Updated docstring.

NoureldinYosri

just a little bit more

NoureldinYosri · 2024-05-09T20:56:22Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+        except ValueError:
+            raise
+    else:
+        is_valid, error_message = _validate_dd_sequence(schema)


this is a golang style, prefer to just raise the error inside _validate_dd_sequence

NoureldinYosri · 2024-05-09T20:57:14Z

cirq-core/cirq/transformers/dynamical_decoupling.py

+    last_busy_moment_by_qubits: Dict['cirq.Qid', int] = {q: 0 for q in circuit.all_qubits()}
+    insert_into: list[Tuple[int, 'cirq.OP_TREE']] = []
+
+    if isinstance(schema, str):


consider grouping this logic into a function (e.g. _parse_dd_sequence(schema))

NoureldinYosri

@babacry congratulations on your first PR

babacry · 2024-05-10T00:00:31Z

Thanks for the careful review, everyone!

babacry requested review from vtomole, cduck and a team as code owners March 20, 2024 21:23

babacry requested a review from viathor March 20, 2024 21:23

babacry marked this pull request as draft March 20, 2024 21:23

NoureldinYosri self-assigned this Mar 20, 2024

NoureldinYosri self-requested a review March 20, 2024 21:26

babacry force-pushed the dd branch from eabbb63 to 74e1df0 Compare March 20, 2024 23:26

eliottrosenberg approved these changes Mar 25, 2024

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snichet reviewed Mar 25, 2024

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Impl dynamical decoupling transfomer.

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babacry force-pushed the dd branch from 56d9010 to 856583a Compare May 1, 2024 19:32

Address comments.

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babacry force-pushed the dd branch from 856583a to 3a6a9b4 Compare May 1, 2024 19:34

Merge branch 'quantumlib:main' into dd

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babacry mentioned this pull request May 1, 2024

Implement dynamical decoupling transformer #6582

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babacry marked this pull request as ready for review May 1, 2024 20:30

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babacry force-pushed the dd branch from cb5e344 to bd366af Compare May 8, 2024 03:10

Apply comments of removing dynamical decoupling model class.

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babacry force-pushed the dd branch from bd366af to 3ae49b1 Compare May 8, 2024 03:15

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Merge branch 'main' into dd

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Merge branch 'main' into dd

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NoureldinYosri merged commit f79f902 into quantumlib:main May 9, 2024
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Implement dynamical decoupling. (quantumlib#6515)

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Implement dynamical decoupling. (quantumlib#6515)

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Implement dynamical decoupling. #6515

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babacry commented May 10, 2024

		return self.schema, self.base_dd_sequence


		def add_dynamical_decoupling(

		)


		@value.value_equality

Implement dynamical decoupling. #6515

Implement dynamical decoupling. #6515

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