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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion README.md
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Expand Up @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ The process to create the guide started in the summer of 2020. The first draft o

On June 2, 2021, the community [announced](https://bitcoindesign.medium.com/announcing-the-bitcoin-design-guide-c4955d859fda) the launch of the initial version of the Bitcoin Design Guide to the public.

On February 9, 2022, the community [announced](https://bitcoindesign.medium.com/design-better-lightning-wallets-with-the-bitcoin-design-guide-v2-2669f610ebc7) the completion of a major revision of the guide to include content about the Lightning network.
On February 9, 2022, the community [announced](https://bitcoindesign.medium.com/design-better-lightning-wallets-with-the-bitcoin-design-guide-v2-2669f610ebc7) the completion of a major revision of the guide to include content about the Lightning Network.

See the [roadmap](https://github.com/orgs/BitcoinDesign/projects/2) for what we're currently working on.

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion guide/daily-spending-wallet/activity.md
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Expand Up @@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ Wallets can also independently keep an eye on user funds, data traffic, and othe

### Smart organization

The Lightning network makes micropayments economically and technically viable. For example, as a user listens to a podcast, they may stream 10 sats per minute to the host as a thank you. This can easily result in a cluttered activity list, which can be remedied via automatic grouping.
The Lightning Network makes micropayments economically and technically viable. For example, as a user listens to a podcast, they may stream 10 sats per minute to the host as a thank you. This can easily result in a cluttered activity list, which can be remedied via automatic grouping.

{% include image-gallery.html pages = page.imagesGrouping %}

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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions guide/daily-spending-wallet/backup-and-recovery/recovery.md
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Expand Up @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Illustration sources:

There are several reasons why a user might need to restore their bitcoin wallet. They may have lost their device, be migrating from a different application or have deleted their wallet application. Regardless of why, it’s important that your wallet application has an easy way for users to recover their funds.

However, not all wallets from one application can be recovered in another, depending on what standards they support, as covered in the [wallet interoperability]({{ 'guide/designing-products/interoperability' | relative_url }}) section. Lack of interoperability and vendor dependance is an issue for wallets holding bitcoin on the Lightning network. Lightning network wallets can currently only be restored in the application originally used. It's also worth noting that restoring from a [recovery phrase]({{ '/guide/glossary/#recovery-phrase' | relative_url }}) only restores the private keys, but no user data like transaction notes, [contacts]({{ '/guide/daily-spending-wallet/contacts/' | relative_url }}) etc.
However, not all wallets from one application can be recovered in another, depending on what standards they support, as covered in the [wallet interoperability]({{ 'guide/designing-products/interoperability' | relative_url }}) section. Lack of interoperability and vendor dependance is an issue for wallets holding bitcoin on the Lightning Network. Lightning Network wallets can currently only be restored in the application originally used. It's also worth noting that restoring from a [recovery phrase]({{ '/guide/glossary/#recovery-phrase' | relative_url }}) only restores the private keys, but no user data like transaction notes, [contacts]({{ '/guide/daily-spending-wallet/contacts/' | relative_url }}) etc.

{% include picture.html
image = "/assets/images/guide/daily-spending-wallet/backup-and-recovery/recovery/import-options.png"
Expand All @@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ Users may have created a wallet with another wallet application. In this case, t

Some applications also provide an option for users to scan an encrypted proprietary QR code version of their recovery phrase. For a more detailed explanation of this recovery technique, check out this [blog post](https://blog.keys.casa/product-update-transaction-memos-encrypted-backups/) by Casa.

### Restore a wallet with funds on the Lightning network
### Restore a wallet with funds on the Lightning Network

To fully restore a wallet with funds on the [Lightning network]({{ '/guide/getting-started/technology-primer/#the-lightning-payment-network' | relative_url }}), the state and history of the payment channels are needed in addition to the recovery phrase. As there are no standards for this yet, wallet applications need to have their own format for backing this up, and subsequently restoring. Due to the amount of information, a QR code of the encrypted data, like in the previous example, can be appropriate.
To fully restore a wallet with funds on the [Lightning Network]({{ '/guide/getting-started/technology-primer/#the-lightning-payment-network' | relative_url }}), the state and history of the payment channels are needed in addition to the recovery phrase. As there are no standards for this yet, wallet applications need to have their own format for backing this up, and subsequently restoring. Due to the amount of information, a QR code of the encrypted data, like in the previous example, can be appropriate.

{% include tip/recommendation.html %}

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion guide/daily-spending-wallet/first-use.md
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Expand Up @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ Wallet creation during onboarding is an excellent opportunity to educate your us

While this may sound daunting to first-time users, these caveats mustn't be hidden. Doing so may severely compromise their funds' safety, as their default assumptions and behaviors could potentially mimic how they typically use centralized applications (for example, feeling like it is OK if they forget their account information because they can contact customer support to help them recover it).

Ideally your application supports both the base layer and the Lightning network. When talking about backups, you should be clear on what is possible and required in terms of restoring the user’s wallet from a backup.
Ideally your application supports both the base layer and the Lightning Network. When talking about backups, you should be clear on what is possible and required in terms of restoring the user’s wallet from a backup.

Some studies suggest that users struggled greatly with technical terminology and feeling as though they had a lack of guidance during wallet setup. By walking users through single steps that clearly frame the features of self-custodial bitcoin wallets, users will feel well-equipped to navigate and use the wallet confidently.

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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions guide/daily-spending-wallet/privacy.md
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Expand Up @@ -47,15 +47,15 @@ This page should inform about what information is made public when sending or re

It’s a common misconception that bitcoin payments are anonymous. Rather, bitcoin payments are [pseudonymous](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudonym), meaning no identifiable information is tied to transactions. Unless ownership is revealed, whether by the parties involved or some third-party, payments remain anonymous.

It is important to differentiate between bitcoin and Lightning network privacy. Their differences in technical architecture result in different privacy considerations.
It is important to differentiate between bitcoin and Lightning Network privacy. Their differences in technical architecture result in different privacy considerations.

Transactions, their signatures, and addresses added to the bitcoin blockchain remain public forever. This means that looking up any address or transaction is trivial, as demonstrated by going back to the very first block mined on [January 3, 2009](https://blockstream.info/tx/4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b). The key to keeping your transactions private is to prevent others from determining which addresses you own[^1]. Since [Satoshi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satoshi_Nakamoto) let others know that they had mined the first block, which contained a single transaction, one can deduce that both the address that received the block reward and the sender address in the transaction belongs to Satoshi. This illustrates the permanence of associations between addresses and identity. While it’s possible to break assumptions of ownership going forward, the challenge is to recover privacy once an association is made public. That being said, in this case the pseudonym “Satoshi Nakamoto” has yet to be associated with any personal identity.

> Each bitcoin transaction contains at least one input and at least one output. This means that once a single address is known, there is a trail to follow the bitcoin.
>
> <cite>As documented by <a href="https://docs.wasabiwallet.io/FAQ/FAQ-GeneralBitcoinPrivacy.html#how-is-bitcoin-bad-in-terms-of-privacy">Wasabi Wallet</a></cite>

On the Lightning network, a payment is only stored by the respective sender and receiver, and only as long as the channel in which the payment was made is open. However, opening and closing channels requires entries on the bitcoin blockchain, and those are also publicly stored forever. Additionally, Lightning nodes are always online and usually directly tied to a single wallet, providing another data point. For a detailed analysis of privacy on Lighting, see the [Security and privacy chapter](https://github.com/lnbook/lnbook/blob/develop/16_security_privacy_ln.asciidoc) in the Mastering the Lightning Network book.
On the Lightning Network, a payment is only stored by the respective sender and receiver, and only as long as the channel in which the payment was made is open. However, opening and closing channels requires entries on the bitcoin blockchain, and those are also publicly stored forever. Additionally, Lightning nodes are always online and usually directly tied to a single wallet, providing another data point. For a detailed analysis of privacy on Lighting, see the [Security and privacy chapter](https://github.com/lnbook/lnbook/blob/develop/16_security_privacy_ln.asciidoc) in the Mastering the Lightning Network book.

These are just some of the interactions through which we leave traces of data that diligent observers can connect and build user profiles around. For the rest of this page, we focus on what product builders and users can do to improve their payment privacy.

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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions guide/daily-spending-wallet/requesting.md
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Expand Up @@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ Currently there are limited reusable payment request options available. However,

### Lightning address

[Lightning addresses](https://lightningaddress.com/), which look like regular emails (jane@domain.com), are reusable ways users can receive Lightning payments. These are not native to the Lightning network itself, but rather offered by a trusted server often ran by the wallet provider.
[Lightning addresses](https://lightningaddress.com/), which look like regular emails (jane@domain.com), are reusable ways users can receive Lightning payments. These are not native to the Lightning Network itself, but rather offered by a trusted server often ran by the wallet provider.

Generating a Lightning address should be simple for users and done within a profile page or during the users [first use]({{ "/guide/daily-spending-wallet/first-use/" | relative_url }}). At a minimum, your wallet should support sending to Lightning addresses, so it's interoperable with other wallets.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ If a sender supports Keysends they can make recurring payments with attached mes

Having the option to quickly generate a personalised QR code of your node ID from the home screen is recommended.

This form of reusable payment request is not widely supported but offer a unique, way for users to make payments, tip users, and send messages over the Lightning network.
This form of reusable payment request is not widely supported but offer a unique, way for users to make payments, tip users, and send messages over the Lightning Network.

</div>

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion guide/daily-spending-wallet/security.md
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Expand Up @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ image_base: /assets/images/guide/daily-spending-wallet/security/
images_watchtower:
- file: lightning-network-settings
alt:
caption: A sample settings page for the lightning network.
caption: A sample settings page for the Lightning Network.
- file: watchtower-details
alt:
caption: Here, a default watchtower service is chosen.
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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions guide/daily-spending-wallet/sending.md
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Expand Up @@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ Payment fees can drastically differ based on a few attributes:

**Lightning routing fees**

On the Lightning network, payments are passed between nodes to get from the sender to the receiver. Each of those nodes may charge a base fee and a second fee based on a percentage of the amount forwarded. Fees paid can vary, but are typically in the single-digit or double-digit Satoshi range (a small fraction of on-chain fees).
On the Lightning Network, payments are passed between nodes to get from the sender to the receiver. Each of those nodes may charge a base fee and a second fee based on a percentage of the amount forwarded. Fees paid can vary, but are typically in the single-digit or double-digit Satoshi range (a small fraction of on-chain fees).

**Lightning service fees**

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ If using a security step here, it should come after the user has selected all ot

## Transaction processing

Processing times may also differ between on-chain and Lightning network payments. On-chain, pending transactions are bundled into a [new block]({{ '/guide/getting-started/technology-primer/#what-is-a-blockchain' | relative_url }}) roughly every 10 minutes. On the Lightning network, [payment routing]({{ '/guide/getting-started/technology-primer/#how-are-payments-routed' | relative_url }}) happens instantly and is largely dependent on the number of nodes involved, as well as their liquidity and processing speeds.
Processing times may also differ between on-chain and Lightning Network payments. On-chain, pending transactions are bundled into a [new block]({{ '/guide/getting-started/technology-primer/#what-is-a-blockchain' | relative_url }}) roughly every 10 minutes. On the Lightning Network, [payment routing]({{ '/guide/getting-started/technology-primer/#how-are-payments-routed' | relative_url }}) happens instantly and is largely dependent on the number of nodes involved, as well as their liquidity and processing speeds.

When transactions take longer than expected, users need to be clearly informed about the status. In scenarios like in-store payments, speedy confirmation is of the essence, as the user wants to move on, and the merchant may have other customers waiting. In-app status updates can be coupled with notifications to ensure that both parties are confident that everything is in order. For a framework on timing, see [this article on response time limits](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/response-times-3-important-limits/).

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ It is ideal when the application can automatically identify and fix or avoid the

Effectively supporting users when problems occur can build trust and confidence, and essential aspect for financial applications.

### Encouraging lightning network
### Encouraging Lightning Network

Lightning is likely to be the best option for the majority of payments a user makes. It will be faster, more private, and cost less. An ideal scenario would be where the user does not spend time considering whether to pay on-chain or Lightning — it's all bitcoin to them.

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