Unexpected String Concatenation in JavaScript's + Operator

This example demonstrates a common, yet subtle, error in JavaScript related to its loose typing system and the behavior of the + operator. When used with operands of different types, the + operator performs string concatenation instead of numerical addition, leading to unexpected results.

The Problem

JavaScript's + operator behaves differently depending on the data types of its operands. If either operand is a string, the + operator will perform string concatenation rather than mathematical addition. This can lead to bugs where you might expect numerical addition but instead get string concatenation.

The bug.js file contains example code that showcases this issue. The bugSolution.js file demonstrates how to correct this by explicitly converting the operands to numbers before performing addition.

How to reproduce

1. Clone this repository.
2. Run node bug.js in your terminal. Observe that the output is not the expected numerical sum, but instead concatenated strings.
3. Run node bugSolution.js to see the corrected version.