[Term Entry] Python:NumPy Math Methods log10

content/numpy/concepts/math-methods/terms/log10/log10.md

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+---
+Title: '.log10()'
+Description: 'Calculates the base-10 logarithm of each element in an array.'
+Subjects:
+  - 'Computer Science'
+  - 'Data Science'
+Tags:
+  - 'Arrays'
+  - 'Methods'
+  - 'NumPy'
+CatalogContent:
+  - 'learn-python-3'
+  - 'paths/computer-science'
+---
+
+In NumPy, the **`.log10()`** method is used to calculate the base-10 logarithm of each element in an array. It is primarily used in scientific computations and mathematical applications where logarithmic scaling is required.
+
+## Syntax
+
+```pseudo
+numpy.log10(array, out=None, where=True)
+```
+
+- `array`: An array-like structure containing the elements for which the base-10 algorithm will be applied.
+- `out` (Optional): The array where the result is to be stored. If not provided, a new array is created to store the results.
+- `where` (Optional): The condition (array of boolean values) that determines which elements will the method be applied on.
+  - If the condition is `True` for a particular element, the logarithm is computed for that element.
+  - If the condition is `False` for a particular element, the logarithm is not computed for that element and the original element is retained.
+  - If not provided, the logarithm is computed for all elements.
+
+## Example
+
+The below example demonstrates the use of the `.log10()` method:
+
+```py
+import numpy as np
+
+result = np.log10([1e-15, -3., 10, 100])
+
+print(result)
+```
+
+The code above will generate the following output:
+
+```shell
+[-15.  nan   1.   2.]
+```
+
+> **Note:** Running the above code will result in a `RuntimeWarning` due to attempting to calculate the logarithm of a negative number, which is not a valid operation.
+
+## Codebyte Example
+
+In this codebyte example, the `.log10()` method only computes the base-10 logarithm of positive elements in the array:
+
+```codebyte/python
+import numpy as np
+
+result = np.log10([1, 0.1, 1000], where=np.array([1, 0.1, 1000]) > 0)
+
+print(result)
+```