fix: poly check performance improvement

[DavidVujic]

Description

Moving the caching of AST parsed modules one level up, to avoid re-running AST walking and inspecting for modules.

Motivation and Context

To improve the speed of the poly checkcommand.

See discussion #354

This Pull Request is a continuation of the work in #355

How Has This Been Tested?

✅ CI
✅ running the command on a polylith workspace with many projects and many components.

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)

Checklist:

• I have read the code of conduct.
• I have read the contributing guide.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly (if applicable).

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud