C++ Structures, Functions, Arrays, and Pointers — Scientific Assignments

In these assignments, you must design your own structs with at least 3 meaningful fields. To make checking easier, you must use the provided output functions to print results. Your solutions will be graded on correctness and adherence to the format.

🧪 Testing System

Each assignment includes multiple test cases with corresponding input and output files:

• Input files: test_data/input{X}{case}.txt (e.g., test_data/input1a.txt, test_data/input1b.txt)
• Output files: test_data/output{X}{case}.txt (e.g., test_data/output1a.txt, test_data/output1b.txt)
• Test script: check.sh - runs all programs and validates output against expected results

The programs are designed to accept the input file path as a command line argument.

To test your solutions:

./check.sh

The script will test each question with multiple input cases and report which test cases pass/fail.

To test a specific program:

./check.sh question1.cpp

This will only test question1.cpp with its input cases.

To run a program manually with a specific input file:

g++ -o question1 question1.cpp
./question1 test_data/input1a.txt

Replace question1 with the appropriate question number and input1a.txt with the desired input file.

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📘 Assignment 1 — Book Metadata

Your Task:

• Design a struct Book with fields for bibliographic data (title, pages, isbn at minimum).
• Create an array of books and fill with values.
• Print each book using the given output function.

Required Output Function:

void print_book(int index, const char* title, int pages, const char* isbn) {
    std::cout << "Book[" << index << "]: "
              << "title=" << title << ", "
              << "pages=" << pages << ", "
              << "isbn=" << isbn << "\n";
}

Example Input File Content:

2
The Hitchhiker's Guide
224
978-0345391803
Foundation
255
978-0553293357

Example Struct Values:

Book b1 = {"The Hitchhiker's Guide", 224, "978-0345391803"};
Book b2 = {"Foundation", 255, "978-0553293357"};

Example Output:

Book[0]: title=The Hitchhiker's Guide, pages=224, isbn=978-0345391803
Book[1]: title=Foundation, pages=255, isbn=978-0553293357

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🟦 Assignment 2 — Point with Rotation

Your Task:

• Design a struct Point with x and y coordinates.

• Write a function to rotate a point around the origin by angle θ (in radians):

  x' = x*cos(θ) - y*sin(θ)
  y' = x*sin(θ) + y*cos(θ)
  

• Print the point before and after rotation.

Required Output Function:

void print_point_rotation(double x_before, double y_before,
                          double theta, double x_after, double y_after) {
    std::cout << "Before rotation: (x=" << x_before << ", y=" << y_before << ")\n";
    std::cout << "After rotation (θ=" << theta << " rad): "
              << "(x=" << x_after << ", y=" << y_after << ")\n";
}

Example Input File Content:

1.0
0.0
1.5707963267948966

Example Output:

Before rotation: (x=1, y=0)
After rotation (θ=1.5708 rad): (x=0, y=1)

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🔵 Assignment 3 — Rectangular Plate in Mechanics

Your Task:

• Design a struct Rectangle with fields such as width, height, thickness, density.

• Compute the mass of each plate using:

  mass = width * height * thickness * density
  

• Store at least 2 plates and print results.

Required Output Function:

void print_plate(int index, double width, double height,
                 double density, double mass) {
    std::cout << "Plate[" << index << "]: "
              << "width=" << width << ", "
              << "height=" << height << ", "
              << "density=" << density << ", "
              << "mass=" << mass << "\n";
}

Example Input File Content:

2
2.0
3.0
0.01
7850
1.5
2.5
0.01
2700

Example Output:

Plate[0]: width=2, height=3, density=7850, mass=471.0
Plate[1]: width=1.5, height=2.5, density=2700, mass=101.25

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🟣 Assignment 4 — Array of Sensors (Pointers Exercise)

Your Task:

• Design a struct Sensor with fields such as id, temperature, and voltage.
• Store several sensors in an array.
• Use a pointer to iterate through the array (not indexing).
• Print the details of each sensor using the given output function.

Required Output Function:

void print_sensor(int index, int id, double temperature, double voltage) {
    std::cout << "Sensor[" << index << "]: "
              << "id=" << id << ", "
              << "temperature=" << temperature << ", "
              << "voltage=" << voltage << "\n";
}

Example Input File Content:

3
101
36.5
3.3
102
40.2
3.1
103
38.7
3.4

Example Output:

Sensor[0]: id=101, temperature=36.5, voltage=3.3
Sensor[1]: id=102, temperature=40.2, voltage=3.1
Sensor[2]: id=103, temperature=38.7, voltage=3.4

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🟢 Assignment 5 — Taylor Series Expansion

Your Task:

• Design a struct TaylorTerm with fields: order, coeff, value.

• Use it to approximate sin(x) with N terms:

  sin(x) ≈ Σ (-1)^n * x^(2n+1) / (2n+1)!
  

• Store each term in an array and print each one.

• Print the final approximation.

Required Output Functions:

void print_taylor_term(int index, int order, double coeff, double value) {
    std::cout << "Term[" << index << "]: "
              << "order=" << order << ", "
              << "coeff=" << coeff << ", "
              << "value=" << value << "\n";
}

void print_taylor_result(const char* function_name, double x,
                         int terms, double approximation) {
    std::cout << "Approximation of " << function_name
              << "(x) at x=" << x
              << " with " << terms << " terms: "
              << approximation << "\n";
}

Example Input File Content:

1.0
3

Example Output:

Term[0]: order=1, coeff=1, value=1
Term[1]: order=3, coeff=-0.166667, value=-0.166667
Term[2]: order=5, coeff=0.00833333, value=0.00833333
Approximation of sin(x) at x=1 with 3 terms: 0.841667