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27 changes: 21 additions & 6 deletions content/en/history/_index.md
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- /medley/history/
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## The Short History
# Interlisp: A Brief History

Interlisp is a software development environment, originating from Xerox PARC in the 1970s and 1980s. supporting software research in AI, computational linguistics, graphical user interfaces, hypertext, and other research areas. Software development in Interlisp-D is a different experience than is common, even today. The features of structure editing, source code management, code analysis and cross-referencing combined to support rapid incremental development. The [1992 ACM Software System Award](https://awards.acm.org/award-recipients/masinter_3814811) was awarded to the Interlisp system for pioneering work in programming environments.
Interlisp is a software development environment originating at BBN and subsequently developed at Xerox PARC in the 1970s and 1980s. Interlisp evolved from an interactive terminal style programming tool with the (at the time unusual) idea that a computer should spend "cycles" doing work to help the user recover from a programming error or understand someone else's code.

Interlisp evolved from an interactive terminal style programming tool to Interlisp-D -- GUI and the entire operating system for the Xerox Lisp machines (called D-machines, named Dorado, Dolphin, Dandelion, Daybreak) with a common byte-code virtual machine. The virtual machine was then ported to C for Sun Unix and many other Unix systems, and the system was extended to support the Common Lisp standard as well.
Interlisp was recognized for its pioneering work in programming environments, winning the 1992 ACM Software System Award. Its features, such as structure editing, source code management, code analysis, and cross-referencing, facilitated rapid incremental development. Interlisp was both a dialect of Lisp and an implementation of debugging and software development tools.

Development of the system moved from Xerox PARC to a Xerox AI Systems division, to a spin-out company called Envos, to a smaller company called Venue. The system was called Interlisp, Interlisp-D, and various named releases (Koto, Lyric, Medley) until the name "Medley" was used for the whole thing.
After the Xerox Alto, PARC and Xerox Office Systems started developing a set of machines, known as D-machines, included the Dorado, Dolphin, Dandelion, and Daybreak models. These systems shared many common properties: a personal workstation, single address space, mouse and pointer, large (black on white) bitmap display.

### Detailed History
Over its lifetime, the system has been known by different names. It was marketed by Xerox in the Xerox Artificial Intelligence Systems division, Envos, and Venue. The [glossary](/history/glossary) should help.


The development of Interlisp-D happened in an environment of cooperation and building on each other's ideas. Each IDE has its unique strengths and catered to different programming paradigms - Smalltalk with its object-oriented system, Cedar/Mesa with its strongly typed language, and Interlisp with its focus on AI and exploratory development. This diversity not only provided a rich set of tools for developers but also encouraged learning from each other's work and building upon it.

With the advent of RISC and the Sun Workstation, it was feasible to move from microcoded Virtual Machine emulator to one written in C; this work was initiated by Fuji Xerox and carried out through collaboriation.

The Medley Interlisp Project started with sources from Venue for what was intended to be Medley 3.5.

At the time 20 years ago, the computers that could run medley were expensive, slow, and genrally unavailable.
Now we can make it free and fun.

Medley3.5 has 16 times the address space, and file access more than 1000 faster, there are interesting possibilities for future development of paths previously abandoned.

A more extensive history of Medley and Interlisp can be found in the [Interlisp Timeline](timeline).

In addition, the [Interlisp Bibliography](bibliography), which has a wealth of historical material.

A more extensive history of Interlisp can be found in the [Interlisp Timeline](timeline). The [Interlisp Bibliography](bibliography) has a wealth of historical material.

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---
title: History
weight: 500
type: docs
aliases:
- /medley/history/
---

# Interlisp: A Brief History

Interlisp is a software development environment originating at BBN and subsequently developed at Xerox PARC in the 1970s and 1980s. Interlisp evolved from an interactive terminal style programming tool with the (at the time unusual) idea that a computer should spend "cycles" doing work to help the user recover from a programming error or understand someone else's code.

Interlisp was recognized for its pioneering work in programming environments, winning the 1992 ACM Software System Award. Its features, such as structure editing, source code management, code analysis, and cross-referencing, facilitated rapid incremental development. Interlisp was both a dialect of Lisp and an implementation of debugging and software development tools.

After the Xerox Alto, PARC and Xerox Office Systems started developing a set of machines, known as D-machines, included the Dorado, Dolphin, Dandelion, and Daybreak models. These systems shared many common properties: a personal workstation, single address space, mouse and pointer, large (black on white) bitmap display.

The development of Interlisp-D happened in an environment of cooperation and building on each other's ideas. Each IDE has its unique strengths and catered to different programming paradigms - Smalltalk with its object-oriented system, Cedar/Mesa with its strongly typed language, and Interlisp with its focus on AI and exploratory development. This diversity not only provided a rich set of tools for developers but also encouraged learning from each other's work and building upon it.

Over its lifetime, the system has been known by different names. It was marketed by Xerox in the Xerox Artificial Intelligence Systems division, Envos, and Venue. The [glossary](/history/glossary) should help.

With the advent of RISC and the Sun Workstation, it was feasible to move from microcoded Virtual Machine emulator to one written in C; this work was initiated by Fuji Xerox and carried out through collaboriation.

The Medley Interlisp Project started with sources from Venue for what was intended to be Medley 3.5.

At the time 20 years ago, the computers that could run medley were expensive and slow.

BUt now, with Medley's 3.5 having 16 times the address space, and file access more than 1000 faster, there are interesting possibilities for future development of paths previously abandoned.

### Detailed History

A more extensive history of Medley and Interlisp can be found in the [Interlisp Timeline](timeline).

In addition, the [Interlisp Bibliography](bibliography), which has a wealth of historical material.