LeadcodeDev · LeadcodeDev · Sep 5, 2025 · Sep 5, 2025 · Sep 5, 2025
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ ensuring that data complies with an expected format before it is used, which red
 ## 🛠 Key features
 
 | Feature                   | Description                                                  |
-|---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
-| ✅ Type-Safe Validation    | Define schemas with a fluent API and ensure data integrity   |
+| ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| ✅ Type-Safe Validation   | Define schemas with a fluent API and ensure data integrity   |
 | 🧱 Rich Set of Validators | Strings, numbers, booleans, arrays, enums, objects, and more |
 | 🔄 Data Transformation    | Trim, normalize, and transform values during validation      |
 | 🚧 Null Safety            | Full support for nullable and optional fields                |
 | ⚙️ Composable             | Compiled and reusable schemas                                |
-| ⚡ Fast Performance        | ~ 29 000 000 ops/s                                           |
+| ⚡ Fast Performance       | ~ 3 000 000 ops/s                                            |
 | 📦 Extremely small size   | Package size `< 21kb`                                        |
 | 🚀 OpenApi reporter       | Export your schemas as OpenApi spec                          |
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ void main() {
 
 ### OpenAPI reporter
 
-Vine can generate an OpenAPI schema from your validation schemas. 
+Vine can generate an OpenAPI schema from your validation schemas.
 This feature is useful when you want to document your API
 
 ```dart
@@ -111,4 +111,4 @@ print(reporter);
 
 I would like to thank [Harminder Virk](https://github.com/thetutlage) for all his open-source work on Adonis.js and for
 his permission to
-reuse the name `Vine` for this package. 
+reuse the name `Vine` for this package.
diff --git a/benchmark/array_object.dart b/benchmark/array_object.dart
@@ -1,19 +1,16 @@
 import 'package:vine/src/vine.dart';
 
 void main() {
-  final validator = vine.compile(vine.object({
-    'contacts': vine.array(vine.object({
+  final validator = vine.compile(vine.array(
+    vine.object({
       'type': vine.string(),
       'value': vine.string().optional(),
-    })),
-  }));
+    }),
+  ));
 
-  final payload = {
-    'contacts': [
-      {'type': 'email', 'value': 'foo@bar.com'},
-      {'type': 'phone', 'value': '12345678'},
-    ],
-  };
+  final payload = [
+    {'type': 'email', 'value': 'foo@bar.com'},
+  ];
 
   final duration = Duration(seconds: 1);
   int iterationCount = 0;

diff --git a/benchmark/flat_object.dart b/benchmark/flat_object.dart
@@ -20,5 +20,6 @@ void main() {
     iterationCount++;
   }
 
-  print('Flat Object : Processed $iterationCount iterations in ${duration.inSeconds} seconds');
+  print(
+      'Flat Object : Processed $iterationCount iterations in ${duration.inSeconds} seconds');
 }
diff --git a/lib/src/error_reporter.dart b/lib/src/error_reporter.dart
@@ -36,7 +36,11 @@ class SimpleErrorReporter implements VineErrorReporter {
   @override
   void report(String rule, List<String> keys, String message) {
     hasError = true;
-    errors.add({'message': message, 'rule': rule, 'field': keys.join('.')});
+    errors.add({
+      'message': message,
+      'rule': rule,
+      if (keys.isNotEmpty) 'field': keys.join('.')
+    });
   }
 
   @override

diff --git a/lib/src/field.dart b/lib/src/field.dart
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ final class VineValidatorContext<T extends VineErrorReporter>
 
 final class VineField implements VineFieldContext {
   @override
-  final List<String> customKeys = [];
+  List<String> customKeys = [];
 
   @override
   String name;

diff --git a/lib/src/field_pool.dart b/lib/src/field_pool.dart
diff --git a/lib/src/rule_parser.dart b/lib/src/rule_parser.dart
@@ -1,42 +1,21 @@
-import 'dart:collection';
-
 import 'package:vine/vine.dart';
 
 abstract interface class RuleParserContract {
-  Queue<VineRule> get rules;
-  void addRule(VineRule rule, {bool positioned = false});
+  List<VineRule> get rules;
 }
 
 class RuleParser implements RuleParserContract {
   @override
-  Queue<VineRule> rules;
+  List<VineRule> rules;
 
   bool isNullable = false;
   bool isOptional = false;
 
   RuleParser(this.rules);
 
-  @override
-  void addRule(VineRule rule, {bool positioned = false}) {
-    if (positioned) {
-      rules.addFirst(rule);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    rules.add(rule);
-  }
-
   VineFieldContext parse(VineValidationContext ctx, VineFieldContext field) {
-    if (isNullable) {
-      addRule(VineNullableRule(), positioned: true);
-    }
-
-    if (isOptional) {
-      addRule(VineOptionalRule(), positioned: true);
-    }
-
-    while (rules.isNotEmpty) {
-      final rule = rules.removeFirst();
+    for (int i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
+      final rule = rules[i];
       rule.handle(ctx, field);
 
       if (!field.canBeContinue) break;

diff --git a/lib/src/rules/array_rule.dart b/lib/src/rules/array_rule.dart
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 import 'package:vine/src/contracts/rule.dart';
 import 'package:vine/src/contracts/schema.dart';
 import 'package:vine/src/contracts/vine.dart';
-import 'package:vine/src/field_pool.dart';
-import 'package:vine/src/rule_parser.dart';
+import 'package:vine/src/field.dart';
 
 final class VineArrayRule implements VineRule {
   final VineSchema schema;
@@ -11,27 +10,13 @@ final class VineArrayRule implements VineRule {
 
   @override
   void handle(VineValidationContext ctx, VineFieldContext field) {
-    final copy = field.customKeys;
-
     if (field.value case List values) {
-      final currentSchema = schema as RuleParser;
-      final copyRules = currentSchema.rules.toList();
-
       for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
-        final currentField = VineFieldPool.acquire(field.name, values[i]);
-
-        currentSchema.rules.clear();
-        currentSchema.rules.addAll(copyRules);
+        final currentField = VineField(field.name, values[i])
+          ..customKeys = [...field.customKeys, i.toString()];
 
-        currentField.customKeys.add(i.toString());
         schema.parse(ctx, currentField);
-
-        currentField.customKeys
-          ..clear()
-          ..addAll(copy);
-
         currentField.mutate([...field.value, currentField.value]);
-        VineFieldPool.release(currentField);
       }
 
       return;

diff --git a/lib/src/rules/object_rule.dart b/lib/src/rules/object_rule.dart
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-import 'package:vine/src/contracts/rule.dart';
-import 'package:vine/src/contracts/schema.dart';
-import 'package:vine/src/contracts/vine.dart';
-import 'package:vine/src/field_pool.dart';
+import 'package:vine/vine.dart';
 
 final class VineObjectRule implements VineRule {
   final Map<String, VineSchema> payload;
@@ -28,7 +25,7 @@ final class VineObjectRule implements VineRule {
       final key = entry.key;
       final schema = entry.value;
 
-      final currentField = VineFieldPool.acquire(
+      final currentField = VineField(
           key, fieldValue.containsKey(key) ? field.value[key] : MissingValue())
         ..customKeys.addAll(List.of(field.customKeys, growable: false));
 
@@ -49,7 +46,6 @@ final class VineObjectRule implements VineRule {
       resultMap[key] = currentField.value;
 
       shouldBreak = !currentField.canBeContinue || ctx.errorReporter.hasError;
-      VineFieldPool.release(currentField);
     }
 
     final cleanedMap = {

diff --git a/lib/src/rules/union_rule.dart b/lib/src/rules/union_rule.dart
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import 'package:vine/src/contracts/rule.dart';
 import 'package:vine/src/contracts/schema.dart';
 import 'package:vine/src/contracts/vine.dart';
-import 'package:vine/src/field_pool.dart';
+import 'package:vine/vine.dart';
 
 final class VineUnionRule implements VineRule {
   final List<VineSchema> schemas;
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ final class VineUnionRule implements VineRule {
   void handle(VineValidationContext ctx, VineFieldContext field) {
     final List errors = [];
     field.customKeys.add(field.name);
-    final currentField = VineFieldPool.acquire(field.name, field.value);
+    final currentField = VineField(field.name, field.value);
 
     currentField.isUnion = true;
     for (final schema in schemas) {
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ final class VineUnionRule implements VineRule {
       }
     }
     currentField.isUnion = false;
-    VineFieldPool.release(currentField);
 
     if (errors.length == schemas.length) {
       final error = ctx.errorReporter.format('union', field, null, {

diff --git a/lib/src/schema/any_schema.dart b/lib/src/schema/any_schema.dart
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import 'dart:collection';
-
 import 'package:vine/src/contracts/schema.dart';
 import 'package:vine/src/contracts/vine.dart';
 import 'package:vine/src/rule_parser.dart';
@@ -12,43 +10,43 @@ final class VineAnySchema extends RuleParser implements VineAny {
 
   @override
   VineAny transform(Function(VineValidationContext, VineFieldContext) fn) {
-    super.addRule(VineTransformRule(fn));
+    super.rules.add(VineTransformRule(fn));
     return this;
   }
 
   @override
   VineAny requiredIfExist(List<String> values) {
-    super.addRule(VineRequiredIfExistRule(values), positioned: true);
+    super.rules = [VineRequiredIfExistRule(values), ...super.rules];
     return this;
   }
 
   @override
   VineAny requiredIfAnyExist(List<String> values) {
-    super.addRule(VineRequiredIfAnyExistRule(values), positioned: true);
+    super.rules = [VineRequiredIfAnyExistRule(values), ...rules];
     return this;
   }
 
   @override
   VineAny requiredIfMissing(List<String> values) {
-    super.addRule(VineRequiredIfMissingRule(values), positioned: true);
+    super.rules = [VineRequiredIfMissingRule(values), ...rules];
     return this;
   }
 
   @override
   VineAny requiredIfAnyMissing(List<String> values) {
-    super.addRule(VineRequiredIfAnyMissingRule(values), positioned: true);
+    super.rules = [VineRequiredIfAnyMissingRule(values), ...rules];
     return this;
   }
 
   @override
   VineAny nullable() {
-    super.isNullable = true;
+    super.rules = [VineNullableRule(), ...rules];
     return this;
   }
 
   @override
   VineAny optional() {
-    super.isOptional = true;
+    super.rules = [VineOptionalRule(), ...rules];
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -60,7 +58,7 @@ final class VineAnySchema extends RuleParser implements VineAny {
 
   @override
   VineAny clone() {
-    return VineAnySchema(Queue.of(rules));
+    return VineAnySchema([...rules]);
   }
 
   @override