Technologies used and referenced

How to use these categories:

• Technologies used: Technical descriptions of the kinds of machine vision actually used in this work. Does not include descriptions of machine vision technologies.
• Technologies referenced: Machine vision technologies described or represented or mentioned but not necessarily implemented in the work.

Current taxonomy

Technology	Definition
AI (General purpose artificial intelligence)	Artificial intelligence systems that are capable of performing a broad range of intellectual and cognitive tasks that humans can. A system that can only perform one task, such as facial recognition, video recommendations, conversations with humans, or playing a game, is not general purpose AI, but is likely to use machine learning.
Analogue
Augmented reality
Biometrics	Technologies used to identify an individual. Can include retina scans, gait recognition, DNA phenotyping, fingerprint scans.
Camera	Single-purpose, portable camera technologies for creating a visual representation, e.g. camcorders, SLR cameras, cinema cameras. Does not include CCTV or satellites or cameras that are part of other technologies, such as webcams, cameraphones, and does not include cameras that produce non-visual information such as motion tracking.
Cameraphone	A camera phone is a mobile phone which is able to capture photographs and often record video using one or more built-in digital cameras.
Deepfake	Technologies that use machine learning to generate videos that strongly resemble a specific human being. For our purposes, we include for instance art, satire, spoofs, porn and revenge, but not professional uses of synthetic or virtual actors in Hollywood movies.
Drones	Remote controlled or autonomous aerial vehicle with a camera. Does not carry a human operator.
Emotion recognition	Software that analyses facial expressions to infer a person's emotions and inner states of mind.
Facial recognition	Automated identification of identity based on a face. This could mean identifying a face as belonging to a specific individual, or to a gender, race or other category.
Filtering	Applying filters to an image to enhance or remove certain aspects, e.g. Instagram filters, beautifying filters, selfie lenses.
Image generation
Machine learning
Medical imaging	Any imaging technology that shows the insides of the human body, e.g. brain imaging, fMRI, ultrasound, x-ray.
Microscope	Any kind of technology that allows us to see objects that are too small to be clearly viewed with the naked human eye.
Motion tracking
Neural networks
Night vision	Technologies designed to register objects, shapes and movements in low light conditions, often enhancing the spectral range, e.g. using infrared, near infrared and ultraviolet. Sources of light such as torches are not included.
Object recognition
Optical implant	An implant of some sort has been inserted into peoples' eyes, usually providing enhanced vision, augmented reality displays or recording of all that is seen.
Satellite images
StreetView
Surveillance cameras
Video/photography technologies not possible at time of work
Virtual reality
Webcams

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