GH-48146: Add fuzz regression files

[pitrou]

Regression files for issues found by OSS-Fuzz. See apache/arrow#48146

[pitrou]

@wgtmac @mapleFU @zanmato1984

[zanmato1984]

First time looking at a change to fuzz tests, some naive questions:

1. Are these binaries from the oss-fuzz report?
2. Could you elaborate a bit on how they are supposed to work with current or future oss-fuzz runs?

Thanks.

[pitrou]

Basically:

1. these files are produced by OSS-Fuzz
2. OSS-Fuzz integrates them automatically in future runs (for each fuzz target it has its own internal corpus that it grows and trims along the way)
3. we also use these files to test for regressions directly in the ASAN/UBSAN job, and that's why we're manually uploading them to arrow/testing: see https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/dbbe0ee148f6859d41e77035df842cf5b1f6843c/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh#L179-L192 and an example run

[zanmato1984]

+1

Thanks.