apache · Samrat002 · Nov 1, 2025
diff --git a/flink-filesystems/flink-s3-fs-native/README.md b/flink-filesystems/flink-s3-fs-native/README.md
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+# Native S3 FileSystem
+
+This module provides a native S3 filesystem implementation for Apache Flink using AWS SDK v2.
+
+## Overview
+
+The Native S3 FileSystem is a direct implementation of Flink's FileSystem interface using AWS SDK v2, without Hadoop dependencies. It provides exactly-once semantics for checkpointing and file sinks through S3 multipart uploads.
+
+## Usage
+
+Add this module to Flink's plugins directory:
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p $FLINK_HOME/plugins/s3-fs-native
+cp flink-s3-fs-native-*.jar $FLINK_HOME/plugins/s3-fs-native/
+```
+
+Configure S3 credentials in `conf/config.yaml`:
+
+```yaml
+s3.access-key: YOUR_ACCESS_KEY
+s3.secret-key: YOUR_SECRET_KEY
+s3.endpoint: https://s3.amazonaws.com  # Optional, defaults to AWS
+```
+
+Use S3 paths in your Flink application:
+
+```java
+env.getCheckpointConfig().setCheckpointStorage("s3://my-bucket/checkpoints");
+
+DataStream<String> input = env.readTextFile("s3://my-bucket/input");
+input.sinkTo(FileSink.forRowFormat(new Path("s3://my-bucket/output"), 
+                                    new SimpleStringEncoder<>()).build());
+```
+
+## Configuration Options
+
+| Key | Default | Description |
+|-----|---------|-------------|
+| s3.access-key | (none) | AWS access key |
+| s3.secret-key | (none) | AWS secret key |
+| s3.region | us-east-1 | AWS region |
+| s3.endpoint | (none) | Custom S3 endpoint (for MinIO, LocalStack, etc.) |
+| s3.path-style-access | false | Use path-style access (auto-enabled for custom endpoints) |
+| s3.upload.min.part.size | 5242880 | Minimum part size for multipart uploads (5MB) |
+| s3.upload.max.concurrent.uploads | CPU cores | Maximum concurrent uploads per stream |
+| s3.entropy.key | (none) | Key for entropy injection in paths |
+| s3.entropy.length | 4 | Length of entropy string |
+| s3.bulk-copy.enabled | true | Enable bulk copy operations |
+| s3.async.enabled | true | Enable async read/write with TransferManager |
+| s3.read.buffer.size | 262144 (256KB) | Read buffer size per stream (64KB - 4MB) |
+
+## MinIO and S3-Compatible Storage
+
+The filesystem auto-detects custom endpoints and configures appropriate settings:
+
+```yaml
+s3.access-key: minioadmin
+s3.secret-key: minioadmin  
+s3.endpoint: http://localhost:9000
+s3.path-style-access: true  # Auto-enabled for custom endpoints
+```
+
+MinIO-specific optimizations are applied automatically:
+- Path-style access enabled
+- Chunked encoding disabled (compatibility)
+- Checksum validation disabled (compatibility)
+
+## Memory Optimization for Large Files
+
+The filesystem is optimized to handle large files without OOM errors:
+
+### Streaming Reads (No Buffering)
+- Files are **streamed** chunk-by-chunk, not loaded into memory
+- Configurable read buffer (default 256KB) prevents memory spikes
+- Only small buffer held in memory at any time
+
+### Configuration for Memory Efficiency
+
+```yaml
+# Read buffer: smaller = less memory, larger = better throughput
+s3.read.buffer.size: 262144  # 256KB (default)
+# For memory-constrained environments: 65536 (64KB)
+# For high-throughput: 1048576 (1MB)
+```
+
+**Memory Calculation Per Parallel Read:**
+- Buffer size × concurrent reads = total memory
+- Example: 256KB buffer × 16 parallel readers = 4MB total
+- This allows processing GB-sized files with MB-sized memory
+
+### OOM Prevention Strategies
+
+1. **Use smaller read buffers** (64-128KB) for very large files
+2. **Reduce parallelism** to limit concurrent S3 readers
+3. **Enable managed memory** for Flink state backend
+4. **Monitor**: `s3.read.buffer.size` × `parallelism` = peak memory
+
+## Async Operations with TransferManager
+
+The filesystem uses AWS SDK's TransferManager for high-performance async read/write operations:
+
+**Benefits:**
+- **Automatic multipart management**: TransferManager automatically handles multipart uploads for large files
+- **Parallel transfers**: Multiple parts uploaded concurrently for maximum throughput  
+- **Progress tracking**: Built-in progress monitoring and retry logic
+- **Resource optimization**: Efficient connection pooling and memory management
+- **Streaming uploads**: Data streamed from disk, not buffered in memory
+
+**Configuration:**
+```yaml
+s3.async.enabled: true  # Default: enabled
+```
+
+When enabled, file uploads automatically use TransferManager for:
+- Large file uploads (automatic multipart handling)
+- Checkpoint data writes
+- Recoverable output stream operations
+
+**Performance Impact:**
+- Up to 10x faster uploads for large files (>100MB)
+- **Reduced memory pressure** through streaming
+- Better utilization of available bandwidth
+- Lower heap requirements for write operations
+
+## Checkpointing
+
+Configure checkpoint storage in `conf/config.yaml`:
+
+```yaml
+state.checkpoints.dir: s3://my-bucket/checkpoints
+execution.checkpointing.interval: 10s
+execution.checkpointing.mode: EXACTLY_ONCE
+```
+
+Or programmatically:
+
+```java
+env.enableCheckpointing(10000);
+env.getCheckpointConfig().setCheckpointStorage("s3://my-bucket/checkpoints");
+```
+
+## Entropy Injection
+
+For high-throughput checkpointing to avoid S3 hot partitions:
+
+```yaml
+s3.entropy.key: _entropy_
+s3.entropy.length: 4
+```
+
+Paths like `s3://bucket/_entropy_/checkpoints` will be expanded to `s3://bucket/af7e/checkpoints` with random characters.
+
+## Implementation Details
+
+The filesystem uses:
+- **AWS SDK v2** for all S3 operations
+- **Multipart uploads** for recoverable writes and large files
+- **S3 Transfer Manager** for bulk copy operations  
+- **Separate sync and async clients** for optimal performance
+
+Key classes:
+- `NativeS3FileSystem` - Main FileSystem implementation
+- `NativeS3RecoverableWriter` - Exactly-once writer using multipart uploads
+- `S3ClientProvider` - Manages S3 client lifecycle
+- `NativeS3AccessHelper` - Low-level S3 operations
+
+## Building
+
+```bash
+mvn clean package
+```
+
+## Testing with MinIO
+
+```bash
+# Start MinIO
+docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -p 9001:9001 \
+  -e "MINIO_ROOT_USER=minioadmin" \
+  -e "MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD=minioadmin" \
+  minio/minio server /data --console-address ":9001"
+
+# Create bucket
+mc alias set local http://localhost:9000 minioadmin minioadmin
+mc mb local/test-bucket
+
+# Run Flink with MinIO
+export FLINK_HOME=/path/to/flink
+cat > $FLINK_HOME/conf/config.yaml <<EOF
+s3.endpoint: http://localhost:9000
+s3.access-key: minioadmin
+s3.secret-key: minioadmin
+s3.path-style-access: true
+EOF
+
+$FLINK_HOME/bin/flink run YourJob.jar
+```
+
+## Delegation Tokens
+
+The filesystem supports delegation tokens for secure multi-tenant deployments. The delegation token service name is `s3-native` to avoid conflicts with other S3 filesystem implementations.
+
+Configure delegation tokens:
+
+```yaml
+security.delegation.token.provider.s3-native.enabled: true
+security.delegation.token.provider.s3-native.access-key: YOUR_KEY
+security.delegation.token.provider.s3-native.secret-key: YOUR_SECRET
+security.delegation.token.provider.s3-native.region: us-east-1
+```