This repository is to learn and successfully code in the programming language C++.
C++ is a programming language which was created by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of the programming language - C.
Milestone1
- 1998: The first standardized version of C++.
- 2011: Introduced lambda expressions, smart pointers, and multithreading.
- 2014 and 2017: Simplified syntax and enhanced libraries.
- 2020: Added concepts, coroutines, and improved modular programming.
C++ does not come with any primary recommended programming environment. Progammers in our day and age use Integrated development environments like Visual Studio Code(Microsoft), CLion(JetBrains), and more.
I'll be using VS Code because I'm familiar with the software application, it's free of cost, beginner-friendly, highly compatible with MacOS, and provides an official Microsoft C/C++ extention.
Installing Process
For MacOs, you have to open your terminal and run the following command:
xcode-select --install
After you're done, check to see if it successfully worked or not by running this command:
clang++ --version
If it worked, your screen should show something like:
Apple clang version 17.0.0 (clang-1700.0.13.5)
This is to show how to display the "Hellow World!" message in VS Code using C++2
- First step is to open up VS Code and create a file named "hello_world" with a cpp format on your software.
- After the file is created and saved in a folder of your choice, write down the following code:
#include<iostream> // this line is a pre-processor, it allows us to perform our operations
using namespace std;
int main(){ // to return int data types
cout << "Hello World!" << endl; // to help us print our desired texts or sentenses
return 0;
}
- #include - It brings in input/output tools so we can display our statements;
- using namespace std; - It lets you use cout instead of std::cout, which is much shorter and more approachable for smaller coding tasks;
- int main(){} - It's a function, which marks the start of our program. It's going to be the first thing to runs when we execute the program;
- cout << "Hello World!" << endl; - cout helps us print "Hello World!" to our screen;
- endl - It is used for two reasons: a) to jump to a new line; b) to flush our output so we can see our statement on the terminal immediadetly;
- return 0; - It ends the program and gives a thumps-up to the operating system when our program runs successfully;
Programming is easy when you know what you're doing, and it's better to write down what goes through your mind when you write your code so you don't forget and lose all your progress.
This is to show how one can write comments while writing s program in C++.
- To write a single line code, we can use an // operator.
// This is a single line comment;
- To write comments which might take more than just one single, we can use the /* */operator.
/* This is used to write comments which might take more than a single line to describe
the reasoning behind your coding choices; */