dynamsoft-docs · ztyyLV · Nov 14, 2025 · Nov 14, 2025 · Nov 14, 2025 · Nov 14, 2025
diff --git a/_articles/general-usage/initialization.md b/_articles/general-usage/initialization.md
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ For demonstration purposes, save the sample in an HTML file (e.g. `helloWorld.ht
 
 Otherwise, click [here](/_articles/general-usage/server-deployment.md) to learn how to deploy DWT on your web server.
 
-> If your environment does not have **Dynamic Web TWAIN Service** installed, a prompt will appear to ask you to install the service. You can learn more about what the service does [here](/_articles/faq/what-does-dynamsoft-service-do-on-end-user-machine.md).
+> If your environment does not have **Dynamic Web TWAIN Service** installed or local network access is not granted, a prompt will appear to ask you to install the service. You can learn more about what the service does [here](/_articles/faq/what-does-dynamsoft-service-do-on-end-user-machine.md).
 
 Below is more detail on what happens during initialization and how to retrieve the `WebTwain` object.
 

diff --git a/_articles/introduction/imaging-hardware.md b/_articles/introduction/imaging-hardware.md
@@ -9,69 +9,52 @@ description: Dynamic Web TWAIN supports image capture from TWAIN Scanners, ICA S
 
 # Imaging Hardware 
 
-Dynamic Web TWAIN's main feature is interacting with imaging devices like scanners and cameras. In this section, we'll look at the supported devices.
+Dynamic Web TWAIN's main feature is interacting with imaging devices like scanners and cameras via different APIs like TWAIN, ICA, SANE and DirectShow. As long as the scanner is supported by these APIs, Dynamic Web TWAIN can use them.
 
-- [Imaging Hardware](#imaging-hardware)
-  - [TWAIN Scanners](#twain-scanners)
-    - [Facts about TWAIN](#facts-about-twain)
-  - [ICA Scanners](#ica-scanners)
-    - [Facts about ICA](#facts-about-ica)
-  - [SANE Scanners](#sane-scanners)
-    - [Facts about SANE](#facts-about-sane)
-  - [DirectShow **Cameras**](#directshow-cameras)
+In this section, we'll look at these APIs.
 
-## TWAIN Scanners
+## TWAIN
 
 ![Hardware-Scanners-Cameras-1](/assets/imgs/Hardware-Scanners-Cameras-1.png)
 
-`TWAIN Scanners` refer to image scanners and document scanners that have drivers following the TWAIN standard.
-
-### Facts about TWAIN
-
 * TWAIN is an application programming interface (API) and communication protocol that regulate communication between software and digital imaging devices, such as image scanners and digital cameras. 
 
-* TWAIN is supported on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS X. However, based on our experience and the experience of many customers, TWAIN only works well on Windows. On Linux, [SANE](#sane-scanners) is the better and preferred alternative; on macOS, [ICA](#ica-scanners) is the better and preferred alternative.
+* TWAIN is supported on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS X. However, based on our experience and the experience of many customers, TWAIN only works well on Windows. On Linux, [SANE](#sane) is the better and preferred alternative; on macOS, [ICA](#ica) is the better and preferred alternative.
 
 * TWAIN is actively maintained by the non-profit [TWAIN Working Group](https://www.twain.org/). Members of the group consist of scanner vendors and imaging software vendors, including FUJITSU, Panasonic, Epson, HP, ExactCODE, LEADTOOLS, and of course, Dynamsoft.
 
 * TWAIN is [the most commonly used protocol](https://www.twain.org/why-twain/) for image capturing and processing. Almost all scanners on the market come with a TWAIN driver and are supported by TWAIN applications like `Dynamic Web TWAIN`.
 
 See more: [How to use TWACKER to check if your device is TWAIN Compliant?](/_articles/faq/how-to-use-TWACKER-to-check-if-your-device-is-TWAIN-Compliant.md){:target="_blank"}
 
-## ICA Scanners
+## ICA
 
 ![Hardware-Scanners-Cameras-2](/assets/imgs/Hardware-Scanners-Cameras-2.png)
 
-`ICA Scanners` refer to image scanners that have drivers designed in accordance with the [ImageCaptureCore Framework](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/imagecapturecore).
-
-### Facts about ICA
-
-* ICA is a framework from Apple designed to "Browse for media devices and control them programmatically from your app."
+* ICA is a framework ([ImageCaptureCore Framework](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/imagecapturecore)) from Apple designed to "Browse for media devices and control them programmatically from your app."
 
 * ICA is supported on macOS X.
 
 See more: [How to test if your scanner supports ICA scanning on Mac OS?](/_articles/faq/how-to-test-if-your-scanner-supports-ICA-scanning-on-Mac-OS.md){:target="_blank"} 
 
-## SANE Scanners
+## SANE
 
 ![Hardware-Scanners-Cameras-3](/assets/imgs/Hardware-Scanners-Cameras-3.png)
 
-`SANE Scanners` refer to image scanners that have drivers designed in accordance with the [SANE API](http://www.sane-project.org/).
-
-### Facts about SANE
-
-* SANE stands for "Scanner Access Now Easy" and is an application programming interface (API) that provides standardized access to any raster image scanner hardware.
+* [SANE](http://www.sane-project.org/) stands for "Scanner Access Now Easy" and is an application programming interface (API) that provides standardized access to any raster image scanner hardware.
 
 * SANE is supported on multiple Linux distributions.
 
 * As of version 16.1.1, `Dynamic Web TWAIN` supports SANE v1.0.25.
 
+* You can find the list of supported devices [here](https://www.sane-project.org/sane-supported-devices.html).
+
 See more: [How to test if your device is SANE compliant?](/_articles/faq/how-to-test-if-your-device-is-SANE-compliant.md){:target="_blank"} 
 
-## DirectShow **Cameras**
+## DirectShow
 
 ![Hardware-Scanners-Cameras-4](/assets/imgs/Hardware-Scanners-Cameras-4.png)
 
-`DirectShow Cameras` refer to the cameras which can be accessed via the [Microsoft DirectShow architecture](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/directshow/introduction-to-directshow). These cameras are either built into desktops / laptops or connected via USB.
+Cameras can be accessed via the [Microsoft DirectShow architecture](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/directshow/introduction-to-directshow). These cameras are either built into desktops / laptops or connected via USB.
 
 See more: [Is my Camera DirectShow Compliant?](/_articles/faq/how-to-test-if-your-camera-is-DirectShow-compliant.md){:target="_blank"}  
diff --git a/_articles/introduction/index.md b/_articles/introduction/index.md
@@ -43,9 +43,14 @@ DWT add-ons provide additional features:
 * [Barcode Reader add-on](/_articles/info/api/Addon_BarcodeReader.md) to read barcodes in documents.
 * [PDF Rasterizer add-on](/_articles/info/api/Addon_PDF.md) to load external PDFs.
 
-## System Requirements
+## Requirements
 
-DWT supports most major operating [systems](/_articles/introduction/system-requirements.md), browsers, and printers using standard drivers. Learn more about hardware requirements [here](/_articles/introduction/imaging-hardware.md). Other environments not officially listed may still support DWT, but Dynamsoft does not officially support these environments as they are not tested. If you have questions about unofficially supported environments, please contact our [support team](/_articles/about/getsupport.md) for more information.
+You can find supported systems, browsers, and hardware in the following pages:
+
+* [System requirements](/_articles/introduction/system-requirements.md)
+* [Hardware requirements](/_articles/introduction/imaging-hardware.md)
+
+In addition, [local network access permission](https://www.dynamsoft.com/web-twain/docs/faq/chromium-142-local-network-access-issue.html) and [HTTPS](https://www.dynamsoft.com/web-twain/docs/faq/http-insecure-websites-in-chromium-browser.html) are also required by latest browsers.
 
 ## API Reference