[Repo Assist] test+eng: 37 StructuralInference unit tests; CI reads SDK version from global.json

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Summary

This PR combines two improvements from the current run:

Task 9 — Testing Improvements

Adds tests/FSharp.Data.Core.Tests/StructuralInference.fs with 37 unit tests for StructuralInference.fs, which is the largest source file (777 lines) and previously had no dedicated unit tests. It contains the core type-inference algorithms used by all type providers.

Tests cover:

Area	What's tested
typeTag	All InferedType cases; DateOnly/TimeOnly guarded by #if NET6_0_OR_GREATER
subtypeInfered — Top/Null	Top ⊔ X = X; Null ⊔ int → optional int; Null ⊔ string (allowEmptyValues=true) → non-optional
subtypeInfered — numeric widening	Bit0+Bit1→Bit, int+int64→int64, int+float→float, decimal+float→float, Bit0+bool→bool
subtypeInfered — incompatible	string+int and Guid+string → Heterogeneous; optionality propagation
subtypeInfered — Records	Field union; different record names → Heterogeneous
inferCollectionType	Single type; mixed numeric widening; Single/Multiple multiplicity
getInferedTypeFromString	Empty→Null; Bit/bool/int/int64/decimal/string/Guid; NoInference mode
InferenceMode'.FromPublicApi	All public enum values
supportsUnitsOfMeasure	Numeric vs non-numeric types

Task 4 — Engineering Investments

Replaces the hardcoded dotnet-version: 10.0.201 in CI with dotnet-version-file: global.json in both workflows (pull-requests.yml ×3, push-master.yml ×1). The SDK version is now a single source of truth in global.json (which already pins "version": "10.0.201" with "rollForward": "latestMinor"). This means future SDK bumps only require editing one file.

Also renames the CI step from "Setup .NET 10" → "Setup .NET" so it doesn't become stale after the next SDK major bump.

Test Status

All 2957 tests pass (was 2920 before this PR; +37 new tests).

Passed! - Failed: 0, Passed: 2957, Skipped: 0, Total: 2957

Format check: ✅ (dotnet run --project build/build.fsproj -t CheckFormat passes)

Generated by 🌈 Repo Assist, see workflow run.

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• .github/workflows/pull-requests.yml

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# Download the patch from the workflow run
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# Create a new branch
git checkout -b repo-assist/test-structural-inference-2026-04-17-cd136a8845dc218d main

# Apply the patch (--3way handles cross-repo patches)
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# Push the branch and create the pull request
git push origin repo-assist/test-structural-inference-2026-04-17-cd136a8845dc218d
gh pr create --title '[Repo Assist] test+eng: 37 StructuralInference unit tests; CI reads SDK version from global.json' --base main --head repo-assist/test-structural-inference-2026-04-17-cd136a8845dc218d --repo fsprojects/FSharp.Data

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