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Better document IterableObj.iter_items and improve some subclasses #1780

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merged 5 commits into from Dec 23, 2023

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EliahKagan
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Fixes #1775
Fixes #1779

This includes improvements to docstrings, and also other clarity improvements such as reordering methods, in both git.util.IterableObj and the deprecated git.util.Iterable class and its associated metaclass.

For #1775, it fills in the missing information. It also rewords the surrounding information, has the less recommended list_items methods' docstrings refer to the more recommended iter_items methods (instead of the other way around), and makes some further changes along those lines detailed in dfee31f.

I think that and the other changes in this pull request, documented in commit messages and the above-linked issues this closes, make sense to do together. For #1779, I added tests for some surrounding behavior that did not appear to be under test, as well as extending one of them to be a regression test for that minor bug, before fixing it.

I opened #1779 as its own issue rather than documenting here so that, if it turns out that both it and the bigger changes related to #1775 need to be discussed, the discussions are less likely to clash. (But I have no preference as to where such discussion should take place.)


There are some possible further changes to git.util.IterableObj and git.util.Iterable that I did not include here because I am not sure if they are wanted, but which I'd be pleased to open another pull request for (or to add to this pull request if preferred):

  • I think it would make sense to put the class that is actually used in GitPython, and that other people should use, first. That is, I think IterableObj should be defined before Iterable. I can see why it's not done that way now: defining Iterable first allows its associated metaclass to be defined next to it, and also for Iterable and IterableObj to be defined next to each other, which may be beneficial since it may make it less likely for their similar docstrings to go out of sync.

  • In IterableObj and Iterable, I think it would be okay for only the methods that are most recommended to give full details about their use, and others to refer to those methods. I made this change partially, moving information that was only in the list_items methods to the iter_items methods. But I propose going further and having the docstrings in the deprecated Iterable class refer to those in IterableObj for their detailed information, at least regarding the effect of omitting or passing extra arguments. I did not do this here because I don't know why the docstrings were near-duplicated in the first place, and perhaps there is a good reason for them to be that way. There would also be the question of whether these comments should be made different or one of them removed, given that the return types they're referring to are not the same:

    GitPython/git/util.py

    Lines 1227 to 1228 in d986a59

    def iter_items(cls, repo: "Repo", *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
    # return typed to be compatible with subtypes e.g. Remote

    GitPython/git/util.py

    Lines 1265 to 1266 in d986a59

    def iter_items(cls, repo: "Repo", *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Iterator[T_IterableObj]: # Iterator[T_IterableObj]:
    # Return-typed to be compatible with subtypes e.g. Remote.

If the second of those suggestions it to be done, then the first can be done too with little to no disadvantage, since it would no longer be necessary to keep their docstrings in sync.

Where the behavior is intended.

In the case of an invalid hash (or IOError, which in Python 2 was
a subclass of OSError but now is just another name for it), the
behavior of just yielding no items may be unintuitive, since on
most other errors an exception is raised.

However, examining the code reveals this behavior is clearly
intentional. Furthrmore, it may be reasonable for applications to
rely on it, and it may be convenient in some situations. For
backward compatibility, it probably can't be changed significantly.

This adds tests that show both an error that does raise an
error-representing exception -- a well-formed hash not present in
the repository raising ValueError with a suitable message -- and an
error that silently causes the iterator to yield zero items.
Returning an explicit value from a generator function causes that
value to be bound to the `value` attribute of the StopIteration
exception. This is available as the result of "yield from" when it
is used as an expression; or by explicitly catching StopIteration,
binding the StopIteration exception to a variable, and accessing
the attribute. This feature of generators is rarely used.

The `return iter([])` statement in Submodule.iter_items uses this
feature, causing the resulting StopIteration exception object to
have a `value` attribute that refers to a separate second iterator
that also yields no values (gitpython-developers#1779).

From context, this behavior is clearly not the goal; a bare return
statement should be used here (which has the same effect except for
the `value` attribute of the StopIteration exception). The code had
used a bare return prior to 82b131c (gitpython-developers#1282), when `return` was
changed to `return iter([])`. That was part of a change that added
numerous type annotations. It looks like it was either a mistake,
or possibly an attempt to work around an old bug in a static type
checker.

This commit extends the test_iter_items_from_invalid_hash test to
assert that the `value` attribute of the StopIteration is its usual
default value of None. This commit only extends the test; it does
not fix the bug.
This fixes the minor bug where a separate empty iterator was bound
to the StopIteration exception raised as a result of returning from
the generator function (gitpython-developers#1779).

This change does not cause what exceptions are raised from
GitPython code in any situations, nor how many items any iterators
yield.
- Fill in the missing part of the explanation of why to favor
  iter_items over list_items in IterableObj and Iterable (gitpython-developers#1775).

- Move the explanation of how subclasses must treat arguments from
  the list_items methods to the iter_items methods, because the
  iter_items methdos are the ones that are abstract and must be
  overridden by a well-behaved subclass, and also because, since
  the iter_items methods are preferred for use, they should be the
  place where less duplicated shared documentation resides.

- Subtantially reword the existing documentation for clarity,
  especially regarding the signifance of extra args and kwargs.

- Put the iter_items method before (i.e. above) the list_items
  method (in each of the IterableObj and Iterable classes), because
  that method is the one that should be used more often, and
  because it is also now the one with the more detailed docstring.

- Remove and old comment on a return type that said exactly the
  exact same thing as the annotation.

- In Iterable, note deprecation more consistently (and thus in more
  places).

- Rewrite the IterableClassWatcher class docstring to explain
  exactly what that metaclass achieves.
@EliahKagan EliahKagan changed the title Better document IterableObj.iter_items an slightly improve some subclasses Better document IterableObj.iter_items and improve some subclasses Dec 22, 2023
@EliahKagan EliahKagan marked this pull request as ready for review December 22, 2023 10:45
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Thanks a lot for these documentation improvements, it's amazing to see how you keep chipping away from this huge task of modernising GitPython!

Regarding the suggestions, please do go ahead and apply them as they make perfect sense to me. Thanks again!

@Byron Byron merged commit 5aaaa02 into gitpython-developers:main Dec 23, 2023
22 checks passed
@EliahKagan EliahKagan deleted the iteritems branch December 23, 2023 09:27
EliahKagan added a commit to EliahKagan/GitPython that referenced this pull request Dec 23, 2023
This shortens the git.util.Iterable docstrings, removing most of
the text duplicated from git.util.IterableObj docstrings and
instead referring the reader to the specific corresponding methods
in IterableObj. A comment about return types that appeared in both
places but really only documented IterableObj is likewise removed
from Iterable.

This also reorders the classes, placing IterableObj before Iterable
and its associated metaclass. This makes it easier to find, and may
help remind users that IterableObj is the class they should use.

These changes build on those in dfee31f (gitpython-developers#1780).
@EliahKagan
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Regarding the suggestions, please do go ahead and apply them as they make perfect sense to me. Thanks again!

Thanks, I've gone ahead and proposed them in #1785.

EliahKagan added a commit to EliahKagan/GitPython that referenced this pull request Dec 24, 2023
Three wrong references in docstrings to list_items methods had
accidentally remained: one that was meant to be removed altogether,
and two that were meant to be references to iter_items.

This completes those changes, correcting the errors from
dfee31f (gitpython-developers#1780) and 2b768c7 (gitpython-developers#1785) so the docstrings make sense
and references to further information are to places with that
information.
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This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Change | Age | Adoption | Passing | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [GitPython](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython) |
`==3.1.40` -> `==3.1.41` |
[![age](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/age/pypi/GitPython/3.1.41?slim=true)](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/)
|
[![adoption](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/adoption/pypi/GitPython/3.1.41?slim=true)](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/)
|
[![passing](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/compatibility/pypi/GitPython/3.1.40/3.1.41?slim=true)](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/)
|
[![confidence](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/confidence/pypi/GitPython/3.1.40/3.1.41?slim=true)](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/)
|

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>gitpython-developers/GitPython (GitPython)</summary>

###
[`v3.1.41`](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/releases/tag/3.1.41):
- fix Windows security issue

[Compare
Source](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/compare/3.1.40...3.1.41)

The details about the Windows security issue [can be found in this
advisory](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/security/advisories/GHSA-2mqj-m65w-jghx).

Special thanks go to
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) who reported the
issue and fixed it in a single stroke, while being responsible for an
incredible amount of improvements that he contributed over the last
couple of months ❤️.

#### What's Changed

- Add `__all__` in git.exc by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1719
- Set submodule update cadence to weekly by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1721
- Never modify sys.path by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1720
- Bump git/ext/gitdb from `8ec2390` to `ec58b7e` by
[@&#8203;dependabot](https://togithub.com/dependabot) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1722
- Revise comments, docstrings, some messages, and a bit of code by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1725
- Use zero-argument super() by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1726
- Remove obsolete note in \_iter_packed_refs by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1727
- Reorganize test_util and make xfail marks precise by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1729
- Clarify license and make module top comments more consistent by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1730
- Deprecate compat.is\_<platform>, rewriting all uses by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1732
- Revise and restore some module docstrings by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1735
- Make the rmtree callback Windows-only by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1739
- List all non-passing tests in test summaries by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1740
- Document some minor subtleties in test_util.py by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1749
- Always read metadata files as UTF-8 in setup.py by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1748
- Test native Windows on CI by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1745
- Test macOS on CI by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1752
- Let close_fds be True on all platforms by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1753
- Fix IndexFile.from_tree on Windows by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1751
- Remove unused TASKKILL fallback in AutoInterrupt by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1754
- Don't return with operand when conceptually void by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1755
- Group .gitignore entries by purpose by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1758
- Adding dubious ownership handling by
[@&#8203;marioaag](https://togithub.com/marioaag) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1746
- Avoid brittle assumptions about preexisting temporary files in tests
by [@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1759
- Overhaul noqa directives by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1760
- Clarify some Git.execute kill_after_timeout limitations by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1761
- Bump actions/setup-python from 4 to 5 by
[@&#8203;dependabot](https://togithub.com/dependabot) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1763
- Don't install black on Cygwin by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1766
- Extract all "import gc" to module level by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1765
- Extract remaining local "import gc" to module level by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1768
- Replace xfail with gc.collect in TestSubmodule.test_rename by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1767
- Enable CodeQL by [@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan)
in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1769
- Replace some uses of the deprecated mktemp function by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1770
- Bump github/codeql-action from 2 to 3 by
[@&#8203;dependabot](https://togithub.com/dependabot) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1773
- Run some Windows environment variable tests only on Windows by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1774
- Fix TemporaryFileSwap regression where file_path could not be Path by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1776
- Improve hooks tests by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1777
- Fix if items of Index is of type PathLike by
[@&#8203;stegm](https://togithub.com/stegm) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1778
- Better document IterableObj.iter_items and improve some subclasses by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1780
- Revert "Don't install black on Cygwin" by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1783
- Add missing pip in $PATH on Cygwin CI by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1784
- Shorten Iterable docstrings and put IterableObj first by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1785
- Fix incompletely revised Iterable/IterableObj docstrings by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1786
- Pre-deprecate setting Git.USE_SHELL by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1782
- Deprecate Git.USE_SHELL by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1787
- In handle_process_output don't forward finalizer result by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1788
- Fix mypy warning "Missing return statement" by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1789
- Fix two remaining Windows untrusted search path cases by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1792

#### New Contributors

- [@&#8203;marioaag](https://togithub.com/marioaag) made their first
contribution in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1746
- [@&#8203;stegm](https://togithub.com/stegm) made their first
contribution in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1778

**Full Changelog**:
gitpython-developers/GitPython@3.1.40...3.1.41

</details>

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This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Change | Age | Adoption | Passing | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [GitPython](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython) |
`==3.1.40` -> `==3.1.41` |
[![age](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/age/pypi/GitPython/3.1.41?slim=true)](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/)
|
[![adoption](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/adoption/pypi/GitPython/3.1.41?slim=true)](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/)
|
[![passing](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/compatibility/pypi/GitPython/3.1.40/3.1.41?slim=true)](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/)
|
[![confidence](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/confidence/pypi/GitPython/3.1.40/3.1.41?slim=true)](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/)
|

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>gitpython-developers/GitPython (GitPython)</summary>

###
[`v3.1.41`](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/releases/tag/3.1.41):
- fix Windows security issue

[Compare
Source](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/compare/3.1.40...3.1.41)

The details about the Windows security issue [can be found in this
advisory](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/security/advisories/GHSA-2mqj-m65w-jghx).

Special thanks go to
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) who reported the
issue and fixed it in a single stroke, while being responsible for an
incredible amount of improvements that he contributed over the last
couple of months ❤️.

#### What's Changed

- Add `__all__` in git.exc by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1719
- Set submodule update cadence to weekly by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1721
- Never modify sys.path by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1720
- Bump git/ext/gitdb from `8ec2390` to `ec58b7e` by
[@&#8203;dependabot](https://togithub.com/dependabot) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1722
- Revise comments, docstrings, some messages, and a bit of code by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1725
- Use zero-argument super() by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1726
- Remove obsolete note in \_iter_packed_refs by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1727
- Reorganize test_util and make xfail marks precise by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1729
- Clarify license and make module top comments more consistent by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1730
- Deprecate compat.is\_<platform>, rewriting all uses by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1732
- Revise and restore some module docstrings by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1735
- Make the rmtree callback Windows-only by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1739
- List all non-passing tests in test summaries by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1740
- Document some minor subtleties in test_util.py by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1749
- Always read metadata files as UTF-8 in setup.py by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1748
- Test native Windows on CI by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1745
- Test macOS on CI by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1752
- Let close_fds be True on all platforms by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1753
- Fix IndexFile.from_tree on Windows by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1751
- Remove unused TASKKILL fallback in AutoInterrupt by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1754
- Don't return with operand when conceptually void by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1755
- Group .gitignore entries by purpose by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1758
- Adding dubious ownership handling by
[@&#8203;marioaag](https://togithub.com/marioaag) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1746
- Avoid brittle assumptions about preexisting temporary files in tests
by [@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1759
- Overhaul noqa directives by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1760
- Clarify some Git.execute kill_after_timeout limitations by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1761
- Bump actions/setup-python from 4 to 5 by
[@&#8203;dependabot](https://togithub.com/dependabot) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1763
- Don't install black on Cygwin by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1766
- Extract all "import gc" to module level by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1765
- Extract remaining local "import gc" to module level by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1768
- Replace xfail with gc.collect in TestSubmodule.test_rename by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1767
- Enable CodeQL by [@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan)
in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1769
- Replace some uses of the deprecated mktemp function by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1770
- Bump github/codeql-action from 2 to 3 by
[@&#8203;dependabot](https://togithub.com/dependabot) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1773
- Run some Windows environment variable tests only on Windows by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1774
- Fix TemporaryFileSwap regression where file_path could not be Path by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1776
- Improve hooks tests by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1777
- Fix if items of Index is of type PathLike by
[@&#8203;stegm](https://togithub.com/stegm) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1778
- Better document IterableObj.iter_items and improve some subclasses by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1780
- Revert "Don't install black on Cygwin" by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1783
- Add missing pip in $PATH on Cygwin CI by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1784
- Shorten Iterable docstrings and put IterableObj first by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1785
- Fix incompletely revised Iterable/IterableObj docstrings by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1786
- Pre-deprecate setting Git.USE_SHELL by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1782
- Deprecate Git.USE_SHELL by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1787
- In handle_process_output don't forward finalizer result by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1788
- Fix mypy warning "Missing return statement" by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1789
- Fix two remaining Windows untrusted search path cases by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1792

#### New Contributors

- [@&#8203;marioaag](https://togithub.com/marioaag) made their first
contribution in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1746
- [@&#8203;stegm](https://togithub.com/stegm) made their first
contribution in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1778

**Full Changelog**:
gitpython-developers/GitPython@3.1.40...3.1.41

</details>

---

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otc-zuul bot pushed a commit to opentelekomcloud-infra/grafana-docs-monitoring that referenced this pull request Mar 6, 2024
Bump gitpython from 3.1.37 to 3.1.41

Bumps gitpython from 3.1.37 to 3.1.41.

Release notes
Sourced from gitpython's releases.

3.1.41 - fix Windows security issue
The details about the Windows security issue can be found in this advisory.
Special thanks go to @​EliahKagan who reported the issue and fixed it in a single stroke, while being responsible for an incredible amount of improvements that he contributed over the last couple of months ❤️.
What's Changed

Add __all__ in git.exc by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1719
Set submodule update cadence to weekly by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1721
Never modify sys.path by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1720
Bump git/ext/gitdb from 8ec2390 to ec58b7e by @​dependabot in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1722
Revise comments, docstrings, some messages, and a bit of code by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1725
Use zero-argument super() by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1726
Remove obsolete note in _iter_packed_refs by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1727
Reorganize test_util and make xfail marks precise by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1729
Clarify license and make module top comments more consistent by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1730
Deprecate compat.is_, rewriting all uses by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1732
Revise and restore some module docstrings by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1735
Make the rmtree callback Windows-only by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1739
List all non-passing tests in test summaries by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1740
Document some minor subtleties in test_util.py by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1749
Always read metadata files as UTF-8 in setup.py by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1748
Test native Windows on CI by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1745
Test macOS on CI by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1752
Let close_fds be True on all platforms by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1753
Fix IndexFile.from_tree on Windows by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1751
Remove unused TASKKILL fallback in AutoInterrupt by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1754
Don't return with operand when conceptually void by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1755
Group .gitignore entries by purpose by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1758
Adding dubious ownership handling by @​marioaag in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1746
Avoid brittle assumptions about preexisting temporary files in tests by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1759
Overhaul noqa directives by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1760
Clarify some Git.execute kill_after_timeout limitations by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1761
Bump actions/setup-python from 4 to 5 by @​dependabot in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1763
Don't install black on Cygwin by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1766
Extract all "import gc" to module level by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1765
Extract remaining local "import gc" to module level by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1768
Replace xfail with gc.collect in TestSubmodule.test_rename by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1767
Enable CodeQL by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1769
Replace some uses of the deprecated mktemp function by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1770
Bump github/codeql-action from 2 to 3 by @​dependabot in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1773
Run some Windows environment variable tests only on Windows by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1774
Fix TemporaryFileSwap regression where file_path could not be Path by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1776
Improve hooks tests by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1777
Fix if items of Index is of type PathLike by @​stegm in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1778
Better document IterableObj.iter_items and improve some subclasses by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1780
Revert "Don't install black on Cygwin" by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1783
Add missing pip in $PATH on Cygwin CI by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1784
Shorten Iterable docstrings and put IterableObj first by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1785
Fix incompletely revised Iterable/IterableObj docstrings by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1786
Pre-deprecate setting Git.USE_SHELL by @​EliahKagan in gitpython-developers/GitPython#1782



... (truncated)


Commits

f288738 bump patch level
ef3192c Merge pull request #1792 from EliahKagan/popen
1f3caa3 Further clarify comment in test_hook_uses_shell_not_from_cwd
3eb7c2a Move safer_popen from git.util to git.cmd
c551e91 Extract shared logic for using Popen safely on Windows
15ebb25 Clarify comment in test_hook_uses_shell_not_from_cwd
f44524a Avoid spurious "location may have moved" on Windows
a42ea0a Cover absent/no-distro bash.exe in hooks "not from cwd" test
7751436 Extract venv management from test_installation
66ff4c1 Omit CWD in search for bash.exe to run hooks on Windows
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Reviewed-by: Vladimir Vshivkov
JoeWang1127 pushed a commit to googleapis/sdk-platform-java that referenced this pull request Apr 6, 2024
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This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Change | Age | Adoption | Passing | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [GitPython](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython) |
`==3.1.40` -> `==3.1.41` |
[![age](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/age/pypi/GitPython/3.1.41?slim=true)](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/)
|
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|
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|
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|

---

> [!WARNING]
> Some dependencies could not be looked up. Check the Dependency
Dashboard for more information.

### GitHub Vulnerability Alerts

####
[CVE-2024-22190](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/security/advisories/GHSA-2mqj-m65w-jghx)

### Summary

This issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2023-40590. On
Windows, GitPython uses an untrusted search path if it uses a shell to
run `git`, as well as when it runs `bash.exe` to interpret hooks. If
either of those features are used on Windows, a malicious `git.exe` or
`bash.exe` may be run from an untrusted repository.

### Details

Although GitPython often avoids executing programs found in an untrusted
search path since 3.1.33, two situations remain where this still occurs.
Either can allow arbitrary code execution under some circumstances.

#### When a shell is used

GitPython can be told to run `git` commands through a shell rather than
as direct subprocesses, by passing `shell=True` to any method that
accepts it, or by both setting `Git.USE_SHELL = True` and not passing
`shell=False`. Then the Windows `cmd.exe` shell process performs the
path search, and GitPython does not prevent that shell from finding and
running `git` in the current directory.

When GitPython runs `git` directly rather than through a shell, the
GitPython process performs the path search, and currently omits the
current directory by setting `NoDefaultCurrentDirectoryInExePath` in its
own environment during the `Popen` call. Although the `cmd.exe` shell
will honor this environment variable when present, GitPython does not
currently pass it into the shell subprocess's environment.

Furthermore, because GitPython sets the subprocess CWD to the root of a
repository's working tree, using a shell will run a malicious `git.exe`
in an untrusted repository even if GitPython itself is run from a
trusted location.

This also applies if `Git.execute` is called directly with `shell=True`
(or after `Git.USE_SHELL = True`) to run any command.

#### When hook scripts are run

On Windows, GitPython uses `bash.exe` to run hooks that appear to be
scripts. However, unlike when running `git`, no steps are taken to avoid
finding and running `bash.exe` in the current directory.

This allows the author of an untrusted fork or branch to cause a
malicious `bash.exe` to be run in some otherwise safe workflows. An
example of such a scenario is if the user installs a trusted hook while
on a trusted branch, then switches to an untrusted feature branch
(possibly from a fork) to review proposed changes. If the untrusted
feature branch contains a malicious `bash.exe` and the user's current
working directory is the working tree, and the user performs an action
that runs the hook, then although the hook itself is uncorrupted, it
runs with the malicious `bash.exe`.

Note that, while `bash.exe` is a shell, this is a separate scenario from
when `git` is run using the unrelated Windows `cmd.exe` shell.

### PoC

On Windows, create a `git.exe` file in a repository. Then create a
`Repo` object, and call any method through it (directly or indirectly)
that supports the `shell` keyword argument with `shell=True`:

```powershell
mkdir testrepo
git init testrepo
cp ... testrepo git.exe # Replace "..." with any executable of choice.
python -c "import git; print(git.Repo('testrepo').git.version(shell=True))"
```

The `git.exe` executable in the repository directory will be run.

Or use no `Repo` object, but do it from the location with the `git.exe`:

```powershell
cd testrepo
python -c "import git; print(git.Git().version(shell=True))"
```

The `git.exe` executable in the current directory will be run.

For the scenario with hooks, install a hook in a repository, create a
`bash.exe` file in the current directory, and perform an operation that
causes GitPython to attempt to run the hook:

```powershell
mkdir testrepo
cd testrepo
git init
mv .git/hooks/pre-commit.sample .git/hooks/pre-commit
cp ... bash.exe # Replace "..." with any executable of choice.
echo "Some text" >file.txt
git add file.txt
python -c "import git; git.Repo().index.commit('Some message')"
```

The `bash.exe` executable in the current directory will be run.

### Impact

The greatest impact is probably in applications that set `Git.USE_SHELL
= True` for historical reasons. (Undesired console windows had, in the
past, been created in some kinds of applications, when it was not used.)
Such an application may be vulnerable to arbitrary code execution from a
malicious repository, even with no other exacerbating conditions. This
is to say that, if a shell is used to run `git`, the full effect of
CVE-2023-40590 is still present. Furthermore, as noted above, running
the application itself from a trusted directory is not a sufficient
mitigation.

An application that does not direct GitPython to use a shell to run
`git` subprocesses thus avoids most of the risk. However, there is no
such straightforward way to prevent GitPython from running `bash.exe` to
interpret hooks. So while the conditions needed for that to be exploited
are more involved, it may be harder to mitigate decisively prior to
patching.

### Possible solutions

A straightforward approach would be to address each bug directly:

- When a shell is used, pass `NoDefaultCurrentDirectoryInExePath` into
the subprocess environment, because in that scenario the subprocess is
the `cmd.exe` shell that itself performs the path search.
- Set `NoDefaultCurrentDirectoryInExePath` in the GitPython process
environment during the `Popen` call made to run hooks with a `bash.exe`
subprocess.

These need only be done on Windows.

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>gitpython-developers/GitPython (GitPython)</summary>

###
[`v3.1.41`](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/releases/tag/3.1.41):
- fix Windows security issue

[Compare
Source](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/compare/3.1.40...3.1.41)

The details about the Windows security issue [can be found in this
advisory](https://togithub.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/security/advisories/GHSA-2mqj-m65w-jghx).

Special thanks go to
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) who reported the
issue and fixed it in a single stroke, while being responsible for an
incredible amount of improvements that he contributed over the last
couple of months ❤️.

#### What's Changed

- Add `__all__` in git.exc by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1719
- Set submodule update cadence to weekly by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1721
- Never modify sys.path by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1720
- Bump git/ext/gitdb from `8ec2390` to `ec58b7e` by
[@&#8203;dependabot](https://togithub.com/dependabot) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1722
- Revise comments, docstrings, some messages, and a bit of code by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1725
- Use zero-argument super() by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1726
- Remove obsolete note in \_iter_packed_refs by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1727
- Reorganize test_util and make xfail marks precise by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1729
- Clarify license and make module top comments more consistent by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1730
- Deprecate compat.is\_<platform>, rewriting all uses by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1732
- Revise and restore some module docstrings by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1735
- Make the rmtree callback Windows-only by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1739
- List all non-passing tests in test summaries by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1740
- Document some minor subtleties in test_util.py by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1749
- Always read metadata files as UTF-8 in setup.py by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1748
- Test native Windows on CI by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1745
- Test macOS on CI by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1752
- Let close_fds be True on all platforms by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1753
- Fix IndexFile.from_tree on Windows by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1751
- Remove unused TASKKILL fallback in AutoInterrupt by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1754
- Don't return with operand when conceptually void by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1755
- Group .gitignore entries by purpose by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1758
- Adding dubious ownership handling by
[@&#8203;marioaag](https://togithub.com/marioaag) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1746
- Avoid brittle assumptions about preexisting temporary files in tests
by [@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1759
- Overhaul noqa directives by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1760
- Clarify some Git.execute kill_after_timeout limitations by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1761
- Bump actions/setup-python from 4 to 5 by
[@&#8203;dependabot](https://togithub.com/dependabot) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1763
- Don't install black on Cygwin by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1766
- Extract all "import gc" to module level by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1765
- Extract remaining local "import gc" to module level by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1768
- Replace xfail with gc.collect in TestSubmodule.test_rename by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1767
- Enable CodeQL by [@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan)
in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1769
- Replace some uses of the deprecated mktemp function by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1770
- Bump github/codeql-action from 2 to 3 by
[@&#8203;dependabot](https://togithub.com/dependabot) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1773
- Run some Windows environment variable tests only on Windows by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1774
- Fix TemporaryFileSwap regression where file_path could not be Path by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1776
- Improve hooks tests by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1777
- Fix if items of Index is of type PathLike by
[@&#8203;stegm](https://togithub.com/stegm) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1778
- Better document IterableObj.iter_items and improve some subclasses by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1780
- Revert "Don't install black on Cygwin" by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1783
- Add missing pip in $PATH on Cygwin CI by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1784
- Shorten Iterable docstrings and put IterableObj first by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1785
- Fix incompletely revised Iterable/IterableObj docstrings by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1786
- Pre-deprecate setting Git.USE_SHELL by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1782
- Deprecate Git.USE_SHELL by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1787
- In handle_process_output don't forward finalizer result by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1788
- Fix mypy warning "Missing return statement" by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1789
- Fix two remaining Windows untrusted search path cases by
[@&#8203;EliahKagan](https://togithub.com/EliahKagan) in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1792

#### New Contributors

- [@&#8203;marioaag](https://togithub.com/marioaag) made their first
contribution in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1746
- [@&#8203;stegm](https://togithub.com/stegm) made their first
contribution in
[gitpython-developers/GitPython#1778

**Full Changelog**:
gitpython-developers/GitPython@3.1.40...3.1.41

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