[12.x] RateLimiter remaining to 0 to prevent negative values.

[Button99]

This PR ensures that remaining() and retriesLeft() in the CacheLimiter will never return negative values when the attempt counter exceeds the allowed attempts.

When the rate limit counter exceeds the maxAttempts the calculation $maxAttempts - $attempts can be a negative number. The solution uses max(0, $maxAttempts - $attempts) to clamp the result to 0.