gtk: Add more explicit version requirements

[QuLogic]

PR summary

This adds requirements for all of Gdk/GdkPixbuf/Gio/GLib/GObject before using them, as we do for Gtk.

Note, Gdk is bunded with Gtk, so it's the only one that changes versions depending on backend.

Fixes #30525

PR checklist

• "closes #0000" is in the body of the PR description to link the related issue
• new and changed code is tested
• [n/a] Plotting related features are demonstrated in an example
• [n/a] New Features and API Changes are noted with a directive and release note
• [n/a] Documentation complies with general and docstring guidelines

[QuLogic]

Note, this doesn't explicitly do GioUnix, but as that comes with Gio (but is platform-specific), I'm hoping that's enough to fix it.

[LangQi99]

What about

    try:
        gi.require_version("GioUnix", "2.0")
    except ValueError:
        # GioUnix is not available on this platform, which is fine
        pass

I tried it in #30535

[tacaswell]

Sorry I was going down the issue list in order and merged #30535 before I got to this one.

[QuLogic]

That is okay; this has turned into more of a cleanup on the tests a bit than fully fixing the original issue.

[QuLogic]

Upstream should have made a new release (or two) with the correct exceptions to make the previous change unnecessary, so I've reverted #30535, fixing #30537.

[timhoffm]

Is the test failure real? It's suspicious that a gtk test segfaults after this change.

_________ test_backend_getattr[matplotlib.backends.backend_gtk4cairo] __________
[gw0] linux -- Python 3.12.11 /opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.11/arm64/bin/python

module_name = 'matplotlib.backends.backend_gtk4cairo'

[...]

E               subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.11/arm64/bin/python', '-c', "import importlib.util;_spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location('matplotlib.tests.test_getattr', '/home/runner/work/matplotlib/matplotlib/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_getattr.py');_module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(_spec);_spec.loader.exec_module(_module);_module._test_module_getattr()", 'matplotlib.backends.backend_gtk4cairo']' died with <Signals.SIGSEGV: 11>.

/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.11/arm64/lib/python3.12/subprocess.py:571: CalledProcessError
------------------------------ Captured log call -------------------------------
ERROR    matplotlib.testing:__init__.py:112 Subprocess error:
Fatal Python error: Segmentation fault

[QuLogic]

It does seem related, yes. Previously, GTK4 would never fully be hit by this test because GTK3 was already imported. How it manages to segfault though, I'm unsure just yet.

[tacaswell]

Should this be pushed into (yet another) subprocess rather than remaved?

[QuLogic]

gtk_test_widget_send_key has never really worked, I don't think. Even as a standalone script it doesn't finish (the receive callback is never called.)

[QuLogic]

Is the test failure real? It's suspicious that a gtk test segfaults after this change.

It looks like the update to Ubuntu 24.04 fixed it. And since the ubuntu-22.04-arm image seems to have accidentally switched to 24.04 as well, I won't spend any time trying to figure it out.