PD Dataset Generation

Dataset Generation

A comprehensive design space is generated using a Sobol sequence (2¹⁸ ≈ 262,144 points) spanning 6 input parameters:

Parameter	Symbol	Range	Units
Bed diameter	$D$	0.1 – 5	m
Bed length	$L$	1·D – 500·D	m
Particle diameter	$D_p$	D/500 – D/1.5	m
Particle sphericity	$\phi_s$	0.5 – 1	—
Bed void fraction	$\varepsilon$	0.36 – 0.9	—
Superficial gas velocity	$U_{s,G,in}$	0.01 – 5	m/s

Each source model is evaluated at every design point. Predictions are masked with NaN where the point falls outside the model's validity range. The output is the extended output matrix $\mathcal{Y}\text{ext}$ (one column per model) and the initial validity matrix $\mathcal{V}\text{ext}$ (1 = valid, NaN = out of range).