Benrangel is a Rails v3 application skeleton, pre-filled with gems and common functionality used throughout many of my projects. It is not an application template (although I wish it would become one).
HAML, SASS, Compass and CoffeeScript are all included. They are served from app/stylesheets and app/coffeescripts respectively. In development they are compiled on-the-fly on every request.
For prodution they are automatically compiled and then bundled using Jammit when using vlad:deploy. Assets are shared with previous deployments, exploiting client cache to only redownload if the files have changed.