Solutions added for LC problem # 678

Author: rayworks

src/main/java/org/sean/array/ParenthesisValidator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package org.sean.array;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Stack;
+
+/***
+ * 678. Valid Parenthesis String
+ */
+public class ParenthesisValidator {
+    // region Counting O(N)
+    public boolean checkValidString(String s) {
+        int minOp = 0;
+        int maxOp = 0;
+
+        for (char c : s.toCharArray()) {
+            if (c == '(') ++minOp;
+            else --minOp;
+
+            if (c != ')') ++maxOp;
+            else --maxOp;
+
+            if (maxOp < 0)
+                return false;
+
+            minOp = Math.max(0, minOp);
+        }
+        return minOp == 0;
+    }
+    // endregion
+
+    // region DP (Top-Down) O(N^3)
+    public boolean checkValidString1(String s) {
+        // L[  XXX  ]R
+        //  [LxR LxR]
+        int len = s.length();
+        caches = new int[len][len];
+        for (int[] cacheResult : caches) {
+            Arrays.fill(cacheResult, -1);
+        }
+
+        return checkValidStringHelper(s, 0, len - 1);
+    }
+
+    private int[][] caches;
+
+    private boolean checkValidStringHelper(String s, int left, int right) {
+        if (left > right) {// empty string ?!
+            caches[left][right] = 1;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (caches[left][right] >= 0)
+            return caches[left][right] == 1;
+
+        char leftCh = s.charAt(left);
+        char rightCh = s.charAt(right);
+        if (left == right) {
+            caches[left][right] = leftCh == '*' ? 1 : 0;
+            return caches[left][right] == 1;
+        }
+
+        // // x[xxx]x
+        if ((leftCh == '(' || leftCh == '*')
+                && (rightCh == ')' || rightCh == '*')
+                && checkValidStringHelper(s, left + 1, right - 1)) {
+
+            caches[left][right] = 1;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        for (int i = left; i < right; i++) {
+            if (checkValidStringHelper(s, left, i) && checkValidStringHelper(s, i + 1, right)) {
+                caches[left][right] = 1;
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        caches[left][right] = 0;
+        return false;
+    }
+    // endregion
+
+    // region Double Stacks O(N)
+    public boolean checkValidString0(String s) {
+        Stack<Integer> stackLeft = new Stack<>();
+        Stack<Integer> stackStar = new Stack<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
+            char c = s.charAt(i);
+            if (c == '(') {
+                stackLeft.push(i);
+            } else if (c == '*') {
+                stackStar.push(i);
+            } else {
+                // balance ')'
+                if (!stackLeft.empty()) {
+                    stackLeft.pop();
+                } else if (!stackStar.empty()) {
+                    stackStar.pop();
+                } else {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+
+        }
+        while (!stackLeft.empty() && !stackStar.empty()) {
+            if (stackLeft.pop() > stackStar.pop()) { // any '*' before '(' ?
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return stackLeft.empty();
+    }
+    // endregion
+}

src/test/java/org/sean/array/ParenthesisValidatorTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package org.sean.array;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+
+public class ParenthesisValidatorTest {
+
+    private ParenthesisValidator validator;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        validator = new ParenthesisValidator();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void checkValidString() {
+        assertTrue(validator.checkValidString("(*))"));
+    }
+}