Skip to content

02-basic-email-system.md #1936

New issue

Have a question about this project? Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community.

Sign up for GitHub

By clicking “Sign up for GitHub”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy statement. We’ll occasionally send you account related emails.

Already on GitHub? Sign in to your account

Merged
merged 2 commits into from
Mar 15, 2024
Merged

02-basic-email-system.md #1936

Changes from all commits
Commits
Show all changes
2 commits
Select commit Hold shift + click to select a range
ca3402d
02-basic-email-system.md
gannazhyrnova Mar 14, 2024
c5419e4
Update 02-basic-email-system.md
sspencerwire Mar 15, 2024
File filter

Filter by extension

Filter by extension
Conversations
Failed to load comments.
Loading
Jump to
Jump to file
Failed to load files.
Loading
Diff view
Diff view
40 changes: 20 additions & 20 deletions docs/guides/email/02-basic-email-system.md
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ contributors: Ganna Zhyrnova, Neel Chauhan

# Overview

This document aims to provide the reader with a detailed understanding of the various components of an email system, including the installation and basic configuration of one.
This document aims to provide the reader with a detailed understanding of the various components of an email system, including its installation and basic configuration.

All commands in this document are executed using **root(uid=0)**.

Expand All @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ All commands in this document are executed using **root(uid=0)**.

!!! info

Without a database, Postfix and Dovecot can still work for a small installation.
Postfix and Dovecot can still work for a small installation without a database.

### Install and configure `bind`

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ zone "rockylinux.me" IN {

!!! question

**What is a DNS zone?** A DNS zone is aportion of the DNS namespace that's hosted on a DNS server. A DNS zone contains resource records, and a DNS server responds to queries for records in that namespace. A DNS server can have multiple DNS zones. Simply put, a DNS zone is analogous to a book catalog.
**What is a DNS zone?** A DNS zone is a portion of the DNS namespace hosted on a DNS server. A DNS zone contains resource records, and a DNS server responds to queries for records in that namespace. A DNS server can have multiple DNS zones. Simply put, a DNS zone is analogous to a book catalog.

First, initialize BIND:

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ dns.rockylinux.me. 86400 IN A 192.168.100.7

### Install and configure MySQL

First, lets now install MySQL from source:
First, install MySQL from the source:

```bash
Shell(192.168.100.5) > groupadd mysql && useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
Expand All @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ Shell(192.168.100.5) > cd /usr/local/src/mysql-8.0.33 && mkdir build && cd build
&& make && make install
```

Next, lets initialize MySQL:
Next, let's initialize MySQL:

```bash
Shell(192.168.100.5) > chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ Shell(192.168.100.5) > /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
Shell(192.168.100.5) > /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root --password="pkqaXRuTn1/N"
```

Then, lets add our domain entries in MySQL:
Then, let's add our domain entries in MySQL:

```sql
Mysql > ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'rockylinux.me';
Expand All @@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ Mysql > grant all privileges on *.* to 'mailrl'@'%' with grant option;

#### Create tables and insert data

Lets now create the MySQL tables required for Dovecot:
Let's now create the MySQL tables required for Dovecot:

```sql
Shell(192.168.100.5) > /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u mailrl --password="mail.rockylinux.me"
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ Mysql > insert into virtual_aliases(id,domain_id,source,destination) values(1,1,
Mysql > insert into virtual_aliases(id,domain_id,source,destination) values(2,1,'all@mail.rockylinux.me','leeo@mail.rockylinux.me');
```

The password entries for the relevant email users are not shown here, as it requires the use of `doveadm pw -s SHA512-crypt -p twotestandtwo` command. See [here](#ap1)
The password entries for the relevant email users are not shown here, as it requires using `doveadm pw -s SHA512-crypt -p twotestandtwo` command. See [here](#ap1)

#### Knowledge of SHA512 (SHA-2)

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ You need to know these binary executable files:

!!! tip

You can specify the default MTA using the `alternatives -config mta` command if you have more than one MTA on your server.
If your server has more than one MTA, you can specify the default MTA using the `alternatives -config mta` command.

#### Explanation of the /etc/postfix/main.cf file

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -336,21 +336,21 @@ meta_directory = /etc/postfix
shlib_directory = /usr/lib64/postfix
```

The explanation of these parameters are:
The explanation of these parameters is as follows:

* `compatibility_level = 2`: Enable compatibility with Postfix 2.x configurations.
* `compatibility_level = 2`: Enables compatibility with Postfix 2.x configurations.
* `data_directory = /var/lib/postfix`. The Postfix cache directory.
* `myhostname = host.domain.tld`: **Important:** You need to change it to the hostname under your domain name.
* `mydomain = domain.tld`: **Important:** You need to change it to your domain name.
* `myorigin = $myhostname` and `myorigin = $mydomain`: **Important:** parameters that have been commented out. The main function is to complement the sender's mail suffix. `$` represents a reference parameter variable.
* `inet_interfaces = localhost`: The interfaces to listen to. This value is usually changed to "all".
* `inet_protocols = all`: Enable IPv4, and IPv6 if an address is found.
* `inet_protocols = all`: Enables IPv4, and IPv6 if an address is found.
* `mydestination = \$myhostname, localhost.\$mydomain, localhost`: Indicates the mail server's destination hosts.
* `unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550`: The error code returned when receiving an email to an unknown destination or rejecting an email.
* `mynetworks =`: Set which networks we should accept emails from.
* `relay_domains = $mydestination`: Set which domains we should relay emails from.
* `mynetworks =`: Sets which networks we should accept emails from.
* `relay_domains = $mydestination`: Sets which domains we should relay emails from.
* `alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases`: List of our email server's aliases.
* `alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases`: The database to be used by aliases.
* `alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases`: The database is to be used by aliases.
* `home_mailbox = Maildir/`: **Important**: Out local mailbox location.
* `debug_peer_level = 2`: Level of log records.
* `setgid_group = postdrop`: The Unix group for managing Postfix queues.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -584,8 +584,8 @@ The file description is as follows:
* `dovecot.conf` is the main Dovecot configuration file.

* Load other configuration files via `!include conf.d/*.conf`.
* The numeral prefix of the sub configuration file is to facilitate human understanding of its parsing order.
* Due to historical reasons, some config files are still separate, which are typically named `*.conf.ext`.
* The numeral prefix of the sub-configuration file facilitates human understanding of its parsing order.
* Due to historical reasons, some config files are still separate, typically named `*.conf.ext`.
* In the configuration file, you can use variables divided into **Global variables** and **User variables**, starting with `%`. See [here](https://doc.dovecot.org/configuration_manual/config_file/config_variables/#config-variables).

* `10-auth.conf`: Authentication configuration.
Expand All @@ -598,12 +598,12 @@ The file description is as follows:
#### Some important configuration file parameters

* `protocols = imap pop3 lmtp submission`: List of protocols to be used.
* `listen = *, ::`: A comma separated list of IPs or hosts where to listen in for connections. `*` listens in all IPv4 interfaces, `::` listens in all IPv6 interfaces.
* `listen = *, ::`: A comma-separated list of IPs or hosts where to listen in for connections. `*` listens in all IPv4 interfaces, `::` listens in all IPv6 interfaces.
* `disable_plaintext_auth = yes`: Whether to turn off plaintext authentication.
* `auth_mechanisms = `: The type of authentication mechanism to be used. Multiple values can be specified and separated by spaces. Values: plain, login, digest-md5, cram-md5, ntlm, rpa, apop, anonymous, gssapi, otp, skey, gss-spnego.
* `login_trusted_networks= `: Which IP networks are allowed to use Dovecot. It can be a single IP address, a network segment, or both. As an example: `login_trusted_networks = 10.1.1.0/24 192.168.100.2`
* `mail_location = `: For an empty value, Dovecot attempts to find the mailboxes automatically (looking at `~/Maildir`, `/var/mail/username`, `~/mail`, and `~/Mail`, in that order). However, auto-detection commonly fails for users whose mail directory hasn’t yet been created, so you should explicitly state the full location here, if possible.
* `mail_privileged_group = `: This group is enabled temporarily for privileged operations. Currently, this is used only with the INBOX when either its initial creation or dotlocking fails. Typically, this is set to `mail` to access `/var/mail`.
* `mail_privileged_group = `: This group is enabled temporarily for privileged operations. This is used only with the INBOX when its initial creation or dotlocking fails. Typically, this is set to `mail` to access `/var/mail`.

#### Modify multiple files

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ userdb {

!!! warning

Don't write the above grammar on one line, such as this: `userdb {driver = sql args = uid=vmail gid=vmail home=/var/mail/vhosts/%d/%n}`. Otherwise, it won't work.
Don't write the above grammar in one line, such as `userdb {driver = sql args = uid=vmail gid=vmail home=/var/mail/vhosts/%d/%n}`. Otherwise, it won't work.

Edit the `/etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf.ext` file with the following contents:

Expand Down