feat: Experimental command line completion support

packages/cli_tools/README_completion.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+## Command line completion for scloud
+
+There is now an experimental feature to generate and install command line
+completion in bash for commands using `BetterCommandRunner`.
+
+### Prerequisites
+
+This requires the tool `completely`, which also requires ruby to be installed.
+
+https://github.com/bashly-framework/completely
+
+```sh
+gem install completely
+```
+
+or with homebrew:
+
+```sh
+brew install brew-gem
+brew gem install completely
+```
+
+### Activate
+
+Construct `BetterCommandRunner` with the flag `experimentalCompletionCommand`
+set to `true`.
+
+### Install completion
+
+When the `completely` tool is installed, run e.g:
+
+```sh
+my-command completion -f completely.yaml
+completely generate completely.yaml completely.bash
+mkdir -p ~/.local/share/bash-completion/completions
+cp completely.bash ~/.local/share/bash-completion/completions/my-command.bash
+```
+
+This will write the completions script to `~/.local/share/bash-completion/completions/`,
+where bash picks it up automatically on start.
+
+In order to update the completions in the current bash shell, run:
+
+```sh
+exec bash
+```
+
+For end users, the generated bash script can be distributed as a file for them
+to install directly.

packages/cli_tools/lib/src/better_command_runner/better_command.dart

@@ -78,12 +78,12 @@ abstract class BetterCommand<O extends OptionDefinition, T> extends Command<T> {
   }
 
   @override
-  BetterCommand<dynamic, T>? get parent =>
-      super.parent as BetterCommand<dynamic, T>?;
+  BetterCommand<OptionDefinition, T>? get parent =>
+      super.parent as BetterCommand<OptionDefinition, T>?;
 
   @override
-  BetterCommandRunner<dynamic, T>? get runner =>
-      super.runner as BetterCommandRunner<dynamic, T>?;
+  BetterCommandRunner<OptionDefinition, T>? get runner =>
+      super.runner as BetterCommandRunner<OptionDefinition, T>?;
 
   @override
   ArgParser get argParser => _argParser;

packages/cli_tools/lib/src/better_command_runner/better_command_runner.dart

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import 'package:args/args.dart';
 import 'package:args/command_runner.dart';
 import 'package:config/config.dart';
 
+import 'completion_command.dart';
+
 /// A function type for executing code before running a command.
 typedef OnBeforeRunCommand = Future<void> Function(BetterCommandRunner runner);
 
@@ -146,6 +148,7 @@ class BetterCommandRunner<O extends OptionDefinition, T>
     final OnBeforeRunCommand? onBeforeRunCommand,
     final OnAnalyticsEvent? onAnalyticsEvent,
     final int? wrapTextColumn,
+    final bool experimentalCompletionCommand = false,
     final List<O>? globalOptions,
     final Map<String, String>? env,
   })  : _messageOutput = messageOutput,
@@ -170,8 +173,15 @@ class BetterCommandRunner<O extends OptionDefinition, T>
       );
     }
     prepareOptionsForParsing(_globalOptions, argParser);
+
+    if (experimentalCompletionCommand) {
+      addCommand(CompletionCommand());
+    }
   }
 
+  /// The global option definitions.
+  List<O> get globalOptions => _globalOptions;
+
   /// The [MessageOutput] for the command runner.
   /// It is also used for the commands unless they have their own.
   MessageOutput? get messageOutput => _messageOutput;

packages/cli_tools/lib/src/better_command_runner/completion_command.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+import 'dart:io' show IOSink, stdout;
+
+import 'package:args/command_runner.dart' show Command;
+import 'package:config/config.dart';
+
+import 'better_command.dart';
+import 'better_command_runner.dart';
+
+enum CompletionTarget {
+  completely,
+}
+
+enum CompletionOption<V extends Object> implements OptionDefinition<V> {
+  target(EnumOption(
+    enumParser: EnumParser(CompletionTarget.values),
+    argName: 'target',
+    argAbbrev: 't',
+    defaultsTo: CompletionTarget.completely,
+  )),
+  execName(StringOption(
+    argName: 'exec-name',
+    argAbbrev: 'e',
+    helpText: 'Override the name of the executable',
+  )),
+  file(FileOption(
+    argName: 'file',
+    argAbbrev: 'f',
+    helpText: 'Write the specification to a file instead of stdout',
+  ));
+
+  const CompletionOption(this.option);
+
+  @override
+  final ConfigOptionBase<V> option;
+}
+
+class CompletionCommand<T> extends BetterCommand<CompletionOption, T> {
+  CompletionCommand() : super(options: CompletionOption.values);
+
+  @override
+  String get name => 'completion';
+
+  @override
+  String get description => 'Generate a command line completion specification';
+
+  @override
+  Future<T> runWithConfig(
+      final Configuration<CompletionOption> commandConfig) async {
+    final target = commandConfig.value(CompletionOption.target);
+    final execName = commandConfig.optionalValue(CompletionOption.execName);
+    final file = commandConfig.optionalValue(CompletionOption.file);
+
+    final betterRunner = runner;
+    if (betterRunner == null) {
+      throw Exception('BetterCommandRunner not set in the completion command');
+    }
+
+    final usage = UsageRepresentation.compile(
+      betterRunner,
+      execNameOverride: execName,
+    );
+
+    final IOSink out = file?.openWrite() ?? stdout;
+
+    switch (target) {
+      case CompletionTarget.completely:
+        CompletelyYamlGenerator().generate(out, usage);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if (file != null) {
+      await out.flush();
+      await out.close();
+    }
+    return null as T;
+  }
+}
+
+class CommandUsage<O extends OptionDefinition> {
+  final List<String> commandSequence;
+  final List<O> options;
+  final List<CommandUsage> subcommands;
+
+  CommandUsage({
+    required this.commandSequence,
+    required this.options,
+    required this.subcommands,
+  });
+
+  String get command => commandSequence.last;
+}
+
+abstract class UsageRepresentation {
+  /// Compiles a usage representation tree for all subcommands and options
+  /// for a command runner.
+  static CommandUsage compile(
+    final BetterCommandRunner runner, {
+    final String? execNameOverride,
+  }) {
+    return _generateForCommand(
+      [execNameOverride ?? runner.executableName],
+      _filterOptions(runner.globalOptions),
+      runner.commands.values,
+      const [],
+    );
+  }
+
+  static CommandUsage _generateForCommand(
+    final List<String> commandSequence,
+    final List<OptionDefinition> globalOptions,
+    final Iterable<Command> subcommands,
+    final List<OptionDefinition> options,
+  ) {
+    final validOptions = [...globalOptions, ..._filterOptions(options)];
+    final validSubcommands =
+        subcommands.whereType<BetterCommand>().where((final c) => !c.hidden);
+
+    return CommandUsage(
+      commandSequence: commandSequence,
+      options: validOptions,
+      subcommands: validSubcommands
+          .map((final subcommand) => _generateForCommand(
+                [...commandSequence, subcommand.name],
+                globalOptions,
+                subcommand.subcommands.values,
+                subcommand.options,
+              ))
+          .toList(),
+    );
+  }
+
+  static List<OptionDefinition> _filterOptions(
+    final List<OptionDefinition> options,
+  ) {
+    return options
+        .where((final o) => !o.option.hide)
+        .where((final o) => o.option.argName != null || o.option.argPos != null)
+        .toList();
+  }
+}
+
+/// Interface for generating a usage representation for a command.
+abstract interface class UsageRepresentationGenerator {
+  void generate(
+    final IOSink out,
+    final CommandUsage usage,
+  );
+}
+
+/// Generates usage representation for a command in the YAML format
+/// of the `completely` tool.
+/// https://github.com/bashly-framework/completely
+class CompletelyYamlGenerator implements UsageRepresentationGenerator {
+  @override
+  void generate(
+    final IOSink out,
+    final CommandUsage usage,
+  ) {
+    if (usage.subcommands.isEmpty && usage.options.isEmpty) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    out.writeln('${usage.commandSequence.join(' ')}:');
+
+    for (final subcommand in usage.subcommands) {
+      out.writeln('  - ${subcommand.command}');
+    }
+
+    _generateCompletelyForOptions(out, usage);
+    out.writeln();
+
+    for (final subcommand in usage.subcommands) {
+      generate(out, subcommand);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void _generateCompletelyForOptions(
+    final IOSink out,
+    final CommandUsage usage,
+  ) {
+    // options
+    for (final option in usage.options) {
+      if (option.option.argName != null) {
+        out.writeln('  - --${option.option.argName}');
+
+        if (option.option case final FlagOption flagOption) {
+          if (flagOption.negatable && !flagOption.hideNegatedUsage) {
+            out.writeln('  - --no-${flagOption.argName}');
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (option.option.argAbbrev != null) {
+        out.writeln('  - -${option.option.argAbbrev}');
+      }
+
+      if (option.option.argPos == 0) {
+        final values = _getOptionValues(option.option);
+        if (values.isNotEmpty) {
+          _generateCompletelyForOptionValues(out, values);
+        }
+      }
+      // can't currently complete for positional options after the first one
+    }
+
+    // value completions for each option
+    for (final option in usage.options) {
+      _generateCompletelyForOption(out, usage.commandSequence, option.option);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void _generateCompletelyForOption(
+    final IOSink out,
+    final List<String> commandSequence,
+    final ConfigOptionBase option,
+  ) {
+    if (option is FlagOption) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (option.argName case final String argName) {
+      _generateCompletelyForArgNameOption(
+        out,
+        commandSequence,
+        option,
+        '  --$argName',
+      );
+    }
+    if (option.argAbbrev case final String argAbbrev) {
+      _generateCompletelyForArgNameOption(
+        out,
+        commandSequence,
+        option,
+        '  -$argAbbrev',
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void _generateCompletelyForArgNameOption(
+    final IOSink out,
+    final List<String> commandSequence,
+    final ConfigOptionBase option,
+    final String argName,
+  ) {
+    final values = _getOptionValues(option);
+    if (values.isNotEmpty) {
+      out.writeln('${commandSequence.join(' ')}*$argName:');
+      _generateCompletelyForOptionValues(out, values);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static List<String> _getOptionValues(
+    final ConfigOptionBase option,
+  ) {
+    if (option.allowedValues case final List allowedValues) {
+      return allowedValues.map(option.valueParser.format).toList();
+    }
+
+    switch (option.option) {
+      case EnumOption():
+        final enumParser = option.option.valueParser as EnumParser;
+        return enumParser.enumValues.map(enumParser.format).toList();
+      case FileOption():
+        return ['<file>'];
+      case DirOption():
+        return ['<directory>'];
+      default:
+        return [];
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void _generateCompletelyForOptionValues(
+    final IOSink out,
+    final Iterable values,
+  ) {
+    for (final value in values) {
+      out.writeln('  - $value');
+    }
+  }
+}