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T6693: wireless: Documentation on WiFi-6(e) for 2.4GHz and 6GHz… #1551

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T6693: wireless: Documentation on WiFi-6(e) for 2.4GHz and 6GHz… #1551

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229 changes: 217 additions & 12 deletions docs/configuration/interfaces/wireless.rst
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ Wireless options

.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces wireless <interface> channel <number>

Channel number (IEEE 802.11), for 2.4Ghz (802.11 b/g/n) channels range from
1-14. On 5Ghz (802.11 a/h/j/n/ac) channels available are 0, 34 to 173.
Channel number (IEEE 802.11), for 2.4Ghz (802.11 b/g/n/ax) channels range from
1-14. On 5Ghz (802.11 a/h/j/n/ac) channels available are 0, 34 to 177.
On 6GHz (802.11 ax) channels range from 1 to 233.

.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces wireless <interface> disable-broadcast-ssid
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ Wireless options
* ``ac`` - 802.11ac - 1300 Mbits/sec
* ``ax`` - 802.11ax - exceeds 1GBit/sec

.. note:: In VyOS, 802.11ax is only implemented for 6GHz as of yet.
.. note:: In VyOS, 802.11ax is only implemented for 2.4GHz and 6GHz.

.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces wireless <interface> physical-device <device>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -164,6 +164,8 @@ PPDU
HT (High Throughput) capabilities (802.11n)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Configuring HT mode options is required when using 802.11n or 802.11ax at 2.4GHz.

.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces wireless <interface> capabilities ht 40mhz-incapable

Device is incapable of 40 MHz, do not advertise. This sets ``[40-INTOLERANT]``
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -378,11 +380,30 @@ HE (High Efficiency) capabilities (802.11ax)

<number> must be one of:

* ``131`` - 20 MHz channel width
* ``132`` - 40 MHz channel width
* ``133`` - 80 MHz channel width
* ``134`` - 160 MHz channel width
* ``135`` - 80+80 MHz channel width
* ``81`` - 20 MHz channel width (2.4GHz)
* ``83`` - 40 MHz channel width, secondary 20MHz channel above primary
channel (2.4GHz)
* ``84`` - 40 MHz channel width, secondary 20MHz channel below primary
channel (2.4GHz)
* ``131`` - 20 MHz channel width (6GHz)
* ``132`` - 40 MHz channel width (6GHz)
* ``133`` - 80 MHz channel width (6GHz)
* ``134`` - 160 MHz channel width (6GHz)
* ``135`` - 80+80 MHz channel width (6GHz)

.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces wireless <interface>
capabilities he coding-scheme <number>

This setting configures Spacial Stream and Modulation Coding Scheme
settings for HE mode (HE-MCS). It is usually not needed to set this
explicitly, but it might help with some WiFi adapters.

<number> must be one of:

* ``0`` - HE-MCS 0-7
* ``1`` - HE-MCS 0-9
* ``2`` - HE-MCS 0-11
* ``3`` - HE-MCS is not supported

Wireless options (Station/Client)
=================================
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -693,16 +714,200 @@ Resulting in
type access-point
}
}
system {
[...]
wifi-regulatory-domain DE
}

To get it to work as an access point with this configuration you will need
to set up a DHCP server to work with that network. You can - of course - also
bridge the Wireless interface with any configured bridge
(:ref:`bridge-interface`) on the system.

WiFi-6(e) - 802.11ax
====================

The following examples will show valid configurations for WiFi-6 (2.4GHz)
and WiFi-6e (6GHz) Access-Points with the following characteristics:

* Network ID (SSID) ``test.ax``
* WPA passphrase ``super-dooper-secure-passphrase``
* Use 802.11ax protocol
* Wireless channel ``11`` for 2.4GHz
* Wireless channel ``5`` for 6GHz


Example Configuration: WiFi-6 at 2.4GHz
---------------------------------------

You may expect real throughputs around 10MBytes/s or higher in crowded areas.

.. code-block:: none

set system wireless country-code de
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he antenna-pattern-fixed
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he beamform multi-user-beamformer
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he beamform single-user-beamformee
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he beamform single-user-beamformer
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he bss-color 13
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he channel-set-width 81
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities ht 40mhz-incapable
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities ht channel-set-width ht20
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities ht channel-set-width ht40+
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities ht channel-set-width ht40-
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities ht short-gi 20
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities ht short-gi 40
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities ht stbc rx 2
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities ht stbc tx
set interfaces wireless wlan0 channel 11
set interfaces wireless wlan0 description "802.11ax 2.4GHz"
set interfaces wireless wlan0 mode ax
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa cipher CCMP
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa cipher CCMP-256
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa cipher GCMP-256
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa cipher GCMP
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa mode wpa2
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa passphrase super-dooper-secure-passphrase
set interfaces wireless wlan0 ssid test.ax
set interfaces wireless wlan0 type access-point
commit

Resulting in

.. code-block:: none

system {
wireless {
country-code de
}
}
interfaces {
[...]
wireless wlan0 {
capabilities {
he {
antenna-pattern-fixed
beamform {
multi-user-beamformer
single-user-beamformee
single-user-beamformer
}
bss-color 13
channel-set-width 81
}
ht {
40mhz-incapable
channel-set-width ht20
channel-set-width ht40+
channel-set-width ht40-
short-gi 20
short-gi 40
stbc {
rx 2
tx
}
}
}
channel 11
description "802.11ax 2.4GHz"
hw-id [...]
mode ax
physical-device phy0
security {
wpa {
cipher CCMP
cipher CCMP-256
cipher GCMP-256
cipher GCMP
mode wpa2
passphrase super-dooper-secure-passphrase
}
}
ssid test.ax
type access-point
}
}

Example Configuration: WiFi-6e at 6GHz
--------------------------------------

You may expect real throughputs around 50MBytes/s to 150MBytes/s,
depending on obstructions by walls, water, metal or other materials
with high electro-magnetic dampening at 6GHz. Best results are achieved
with the AP being in the same room and in line-of-sight.

.. code-block:: none

set system wireless country-code de
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he antenna-pattern-fixed
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he beamform multi-user-beamformer
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he beamform single-user-beamformee
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he beamform single-user-beamformer
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he bss-color 13
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he channel-set-width 134
set interfaces wireless wlan0 capabilities he capabilities he center-channel-freq freq-1 15
set interfaces wireless wlan0 channel 5
set interfaces wireless wlan0 description "802.11ax 6GHz"
set interfaces wireless wlan0 mode ax
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa cipher CCMP
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa cipher CCMP-256
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa cipher GCMP-256
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa cipher GCMP
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa mode wpa3
set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa passphrase super-dooper-secure-passphrase
set interfaces wireless wlan0 mgmt-frame-protection required
set interfaces wireless wlan0 enable-bf-protection
set interfaces wireless wlan0 ssid test.ax
set interfaces wireless wlan0 type access-point
set interfaces wireless wlan0 stationary-ap
commit

Resulting in

.. code-block:: none

system {
wireless {
country-code de
}
}
interfaces {
[...]
wireless wlan0 {
capabilities {
he {
antenna-pattern-fixed
beamform {
multi-user-beamformer
single-user-beamformee
single-user-beamformer
}
bss-color 13
center-channel-freq {
freq-1 15
}
channel-set-width 134
}
}
channel 5
description "802.11ax 6GHz"
enable-bf-protection
hw-id [...]
mgmt-frame-protection required
mode ax
physical-device phy0
security {
wpa {
cipher CCMP
cipher CCMP-256
cipher GCMP-256
cipher GCMP
mode wpa3
passphrase super-dooper-secure-passphrase
}
}
ssid test.ax
stationary-ap
type access-point
}
}

.. _wireless-interface-intel-ax200:

Intel AX200
Expand Down