Add linting, formatting, and type checking

[RBhupi]

Code quality tooling (linting, formatting, and type checking) is not yet enforced in Adapt. This is not part of the current release.

Priority

Low — not required for current release; revisit post-alpha stabilization

Scope

• Add linting
• Add formatting check (black)
• Add minimal type checking (mypy, non-strict)

Notes

• Keep mypy non-blocking initially (warn-only)
• Avoid strict typing until APIs stabilize
• Apply incrementally to core modules (tracking, persistence, API)

Definition of Done

• CI runs lint/format/type checks
• Basic rules enforced without blocking development velocity