Add run-fpm info command

[bonachea]

Summary

Fixes #309

Adds a hidden run-fpm.sh info command that dumps all sorts of useful configuration information, to assist in triage.

Augment build failures and CI to include the new run-fpm.sh info output.

Example output

$ ./run-fpm.sh info
--------------------------------------------------
Version info:
Caffeine version = "0.7.3"
  git describe: 65c7013
GASNet version 2025.8.0
assert = {git = "https://github.com/berkeleylab/assert.git", tag = "3.1.0"}
julienne = {git = "https://github.com/berkeleylab/julienne.git", tag = "3.6.2"}
--------------------------------------------------
Platform info:
Darwin sjc22-bm204-a3ca91e3-d0d7-4d6b-8783-617d0b361bb6-8A40B903A7B1.local 24.6.0 Darwin Kernel Version 24.6.0: Mon Jan 19 22:02:01 PST 2026; root:xnu-11417.140.69.708.3~1/RELEASE_ARM64_VMAPPLE arm64
ProductName:		macOS
ProductVersion:		15.7.4
BuildVersion:		24G517
--------------------------------------------------
Install settings:
ID=Tue Mar 31 18:55:10 UTC 2026 runner
PREFIX=/Users/runner/work/caffeine/caffeine/install
FPM=/opt/homebrew/bin/fpm
FC=/opt/homebrew/Cellar/flang/22.1.2/libexec/flang-new
CC=/opt/homebrew/opt/llvm/bin/clang
FFLAGS=-g -O3 -DASSERT_MULTI_IMAGE -DASSERT_PARALLEL_CALLBACKS -DHAVE_MULTI_IMAGE_SUPPORT -DJULIENNE_PARALLEL_CALLBACKS -DASSERTIONS -DCAF_NETWORK_SMP -fcoarray -DHAVE_MULTI_IMAGE -DHAVE_MULTI_IMAGE_SUPPORT
CFLAGS=-g -O3 -DASSERT_MULTI_IMAGE -DASSERT_PARALLEL_CALLBACKS -DHAVE_MULTI_IMAGE_SUPPORT -DJULIENNE_PARALLEL_CALLBACKS -DASSERTIONS -DCAF_NETWORK_SMP -fcoarray -DHAVE_MULTI_IMAGE -DHAVE_MULTI_IMAGE_SUPPORT
LDFLAGS=-g -O0 -Wno-unused -Wunused-result -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-address -L/Users/runner/work/caffeine/caffeine/install/lib
link = ["gasnet-smp-seq"]
GASNET=/Users/runner/work/caffeine/caffeine/install
GASNET_CONDUIT=smp
GASNET_THREADMODE=seq
GASNETI_BUILD_ID "Tue Mar 31 18:54:13 UTC 2026 runner"
GASNETI_CONFIGURE_ARGS "'--prefix=/Users/runner/work/caffeine/caffeine/install' '--enable-rpath' '--enable-debug' '--with-cc=/opt/homebrew/opt/llvm/bin/clang' '--with-cxx=/opt/homebrew/opt/llvm/bin/clang++' '--enable-smp' '--enable-seq' '--enable-par' '--disable-parsync' '--disable-segment-everything' '--disable-mpi-compat'"
--------------------------------------------------
FPM : /opt/homebrew/bin/fpm
lrwxr-xr-x  1 runner  admin  28 Mar 31 18:54 /opt/homebrew/bin/fpm -> ../Cellar/fpm/0.13.0/bin/fpm
-r-xr-xr-x  1 runner  admin    14M Mar 31 18:54 /opt/homebrew/bin/fpm
Version:     0.13.0, alpha
Program:     fpm(1)
Description: A Fortran package manager and build system
Home Page:   https://github.com/fortran-lang/fpm
License:     MIT
OS Type:     macOS
--------------------------------------------------
FC : /opt/homebrew/Cellar/flang/22.1.2/libexec/flang-new
lrwxr-xr-x  1 runner  admin  5 Mar 23 18:46 /opt/homebrew/Cellar/flang/22.1.2/libexec/flang-new -> flang
-rwxr-xr-x  1 runner  admin    99K Mar 31 18:54 /opt/homebrew/Cellar/flang/22.1.2/libexec/flang-new
Homebrew flang version 22.1.2
Target: arm64-apple-darwin24.6.0
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/flang/22.1.2/libexec
Configuration file: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/flang/22.1.2/libexec/flang.cfg
Configuration file: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/flang/22.1.2/etc/clang/arm64-apple-darwin24.cfg
--------------------------------------------------
CC : /opt/homebrew/opt/llvm/bin/clang
lrwxr-xr-x  1 runner  admin  8 Mar 23 18:46 /opt/homebrew/opt/llvm/bin/clang -> clang-22
-r-xr-xr-x  1 runner  admin   135K Mar 23 18:46 /opt/homebrew/opt/llvm/bin/clang
Homebrew clang version 22.1.2
Target: arm64-apple-darwin24.6.0
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/llvm/22.1.2/bin
Configuration file: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/llvm/22.1.2/etc/clang/arm64-apple-darwin24.cfg
--------------------------------------------------