Speed up creating nodes

[shangyian]

Summary

This PR has a series of minor changes that each amount to a small speed-up in creating a new node:

• Reduce the number of database calls when setting the primary key columns
• Push deriving frozen measures into an async background task so that it doesn't block a response on metric node creation
• Various AST optimizations, including compiling in a threadpool

Test Plan

• PR has an associated issue: #
• make check passes
• make test shows 100% unit test coverage

Deployment Plan

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