Fix various type inference issues

[shangyian]

Summary

This PR fixes two sources of false-positive invalid column validation errors.

Lambda parameters incorrectly flagged as invalid columns

PR #1961 added surfacing of invalid column errors during node validation. However, lambda parameter identifiers (e.g. c in c -> c.name = 'foo') are valid namespaces within their lambda body but were not included in local_aliases, causing them to be surfaced as unresolved column errors.

The fix is to collect all lambda parameter names from query_ast.find_all(ast.Lambda) and add them to local aliases before filtering.

(VALUES ...) AS alias(cols) generates false errors

(VALUES (1, 2)) AS v(a, b) is parsed by AliasedQueryContext, which was discarding the explicit column aliases (a, b) (the second return value of visit(tableAlias) was assigned to _). This caused two bugs:

1. The inner Query's InlineTable columns stayed as auto-generated col1/col2, so add_ref_column returned False for v.a / v.b, which lead to a false invalid column error.
2. Query compilation crashed with AttributeError: 'InlineTable' object has no attribute 'from_' because it assumed self.select is always a SelectExpression.

The fix:

• AliasedQueryContext now captures col_aliases and renames InlineTable._columns to the explicit aliases when present.
• Query compilation short-circuits when self.select is an inline table, exposing its columns directly.

Test Plan

Added a number of tests, including:

• test_metric_with_lambda_parameters_is_valid
• test_lateral_view_alias_not_flagged_as_invalid_column
• test_unnest_alias_not_flagged_as_invalid_column
• test_values_clause_alias_not_flagged_as_invalid_column
• test_correlated_subquery_outer_alias_not_flagged_as_invalid_column
• test_values_clause_explicit_column_aliases (AST-level unit test)

Deployment Plan

[netlify]

✅ Deploy Preview for thriving-cassata-78ae72 canceled.

Name	Link
🔨 Latest commit	03dfce4
🔍 Latest deploy log	https://app.netlify.com/projects/thriving-cassata-78ae72/deploys/69d8c117e91f8b0008bc289c