CI: update github actions in preparation of node.js 20 deprecation

[daywalker90]

On june 2nd (in 3 weeks) github will deprecate node.js 20 for all github actions at which point they will no longer work without setting an env variable. In september even that won't work anymore. I updated all actions where possible. I found these actions that still have not updated to node.js 24:

• setup-protoc no commits in 2 years, PR for node.js 24 exists but no maintainer response
• publish-crates no commit in a year, no PR, created an issue
• rdme maintained and if i understand correctly the next patch version is compatible with node.js 24 and by us specifying only the major version we should automatically use that

This mostly affects the workflow responsible for publishing our rust crates to crates.io.

[cdecker]

ACK 85b66f6