CI: add ruff formatter and linter

[fboudra]

While working on the AMD PR, I noticed the lack of python best practices (pre-commit checks, ruff format/check, EOL python support, etc...). Running uvx ruff check quantprobe found 214 errors.

[fboudra]

#6 submitted. The diff is large but:

• it'expected for the initial support
• there's no code changes. Most of it is ruff automatic fixes and formatting.