Prevent race conditions in exception handler's thread list

[seer-by-sentry]

Fixes CLIENT-38C. The issue was that: Race condition in Unregister_Thread_ID accessing global ThreadList after concurrent deallocation by another thread, causing NULL pointer dereference.

• Introduced a CriticalSectionClass to protect the global ThreadList from concurrent access.
• Applied locking mechanisms to functions that modify or iterate the ThreadList, including Add_Thread_Info_To_Report, Register_Thread_ID, Unregister_Thread_ID, and Get_Main_Thread_ID.
• Ensures thread-safe operations when registering, unregistering, or accessing thread information within the exception handling system.
• Mitigates potential race conditions that could occur during concurrent thread operations, especially during exception handling or shutdown.

This fix was generated by Seer in Sentry, triggered by x64-dev. 👁️ Run ID: 9514279

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